Amathiphu asheshayo
- Qaphela ushintsho, hhayi uhlobo lomuntu.
- Bheka nezinkanyezi zakho ezizinze kakhulu.
- Sho lokho okubonile, bese uyalalela.
Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lwecala olushaya umphathi emva kokuphuma komuntu omuhle. Udlala kabusha izinyanga ezimbalwa ezedlule bese izimpawu zicaca ngokuzumayo. Izimpendulo ezimfushane. Ikhamera eyayeka ukuvuleka. Umsebenzi obusafika ngesikhathi kodwa usulahlekelwe yinhlansi yawo. Awuzange uziphuthe lezo zinto ngoba ubunganakile. Waziphutha ngoba ukusha kwamandla kuthule, futhi abantu abanethuba elikhulu lokuba nako ngokuvamile yibona bokugcina ukukusho.
Le ndaba imayelana nokuvala lelo gebe. Hhayi ukuze ukwazi ukuxilonga noma ubani (awukwazi, futhi akufanele), kodwa ukuze uqaphele inkinga kusenesikhathi ngokwanele ukuze usize ngempela, ngenkathi usizo lusabukeka njengengxoxo kunencwadi yokushiya umsebenzi.
Ukuthi ukusha kwamandla kuyini ngempela
Kuyasiza ukuba nokunemba, ngoba "ukusha kwamandla" kusetshenziswa kukho konke kusukela esontweni elinzima kuya enkingeni yangempela. I-World Health Organization ikuchaza ngokuqondile njengesifo esivela ekucindezelekeni okungapheli kwasemsebenzini okungalawulwanga kahle, futhi kuvela ngezindlela ezintathu: ukukhathala okujulile, ukuqhelelana kwengqondo noma ukudelela okukhulayo emsebenzini, kanye nomuzwa onwabuzelayo wokungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini. Lowo wesithathu ubalulekile futhi uyanganakwa. Ukusha kwamandla akumayelana nokukhathala kuphela. Kumayelana nomuntu olahlekelwa kancane inkolelo yokuthi umzamo wakhe wenza umehluko.
Isazi sengqondo u-Christina Maslach, owakha ingxenye enkulu yocwaningo elingemuva kwendlela esilinganisa ngayo ukusha kwamandla, wenza iphuzu okufanele uhlale nalo. Ukusha kwamandla kuvame ukuba yinkinga yenhlangano, hhayi ukwehluleka komuntu. Kuvame ukukhula lapho abantu benokulawula okuncane, ukucaca okuncane, ukwaziswa okuncane, noma umthwalo womsebenzi ongapheli. Lokho kubuka kabusha kuguqula lokho okubhekile. Awuzingeli abantu ababuthakathaka. Uqaphela izimo ezicothula abantu abaqinile.
Enye into efakwe emazwini e-WHO igama elithi "okungapheli." Ukusha kwamandla kuwukuphela komgwaqo omude, hhayi usuku olubi. Kwakheka kancane kusukela ekucindezelekeni okungazange kulungiswe, okuyisona kanye sizathu sokuthi kube lula kangaka ukukuphutha ngesikhathi sangempela futhi kucace kangaka uma usubheka emuva. Lezi zici ezintathu zivame futhi ukufika ngokulandelana. Ukukhathala kuvame ukufika kuqala. Bese kulandela ukudelela, njengoba umuntu ezivikela ngokukhathalela kancane. Umuzwa wokungabi nasidingo uvame ukufika ekugcineni. Uma ukubamba esigabeni sokukhathala, uvame ukubhekana nengxoxo yomthwalo womsebenzi. Ngesikhathi sekufika ekutheni "kungani ngisho ngenza lokhu," ungase ubhekane nomuntu osengxenyeni yendlela ephuma emnyango. Kusenesikhathi akusiwo nje umusa. Kuwumehluko phakathi kwenkinga elungisekayo nomuntu omlahlayo.
Izimpawu ziwushintsho, hhayi izinhlobo
Asikho "isimo somuntu sokusha kwamandla." Into ewusizo kakhulu ongayilandelela ushintsho, umehluko phakathi kwendlela umuntu abevame ukuvela ngayo nendlela avela ngayo manje. Ucwaningo lwabaphathi eziqondene nabo olwashicilelwa emibhalweni yocwaningo lwathola ukuthi abaphathi ababamba ukusha kwamandla kusenesikhathi babeqaphela kanye lezi zinhlobo zoshintsho. Omunye wachaza ukubona ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ngethoni yama-imeyili esisebenzi: "elukhuni kakhulu, hhayi lokho ebekade eyikho ngaphambili."
Lokho kuyisimo sako. Okuncane, okuqondile, okulula ukukuchaza kuphele okukodwa ngesikhathi. Qaphela amaqoqo alezi phezu kwamasonto, hhayi izinsuku:
- Amandla angabuyi. Hhayi uMsombuluko okhathele, kodwa ukuthulisa okusinda impelasonto neholide.
- Ushintsho ethoni. Ukufudumala kuphenduka kufusheke. Isineke siba sifushane. Umsebenzi obevame ukupha uthula emihlanganweni noma ube nqamula ekubhaleni.
- Ukuzihoxisa. Ukweqa ucingo olungadingekile, ukudla isidlo sasemini yedwa, ukuphuma ekuhlanganeni okuncane kwabantu beqembu.
- Ukudelela lapho bekukade kunokukhathalela. Ukuphendula amehlo, "kusizani," umuntu obekade emela umsebenzi manje osewunyakazisela amahlombe.
- Ukwehla kokuthembeka kumuntu ovame ukuzinza. Imininingwane ephuthiwe, ukuqala kade, izinto eziwayo ebezingavamile.
- Umzimba ogcina amanani. Ikhanda elibuhlungu njalo, inkinga yesisu, izinsuku eziningi zokugula, ukukhathala abakusho cishe ngokudlula nje.
I-Mayo Clinic isikisela imibuzo emine esobala umuntu angazibuza yona, futhi isebenza njengohlu oluthule lokuhlola lokho ongase ukubone komunye umuntu: Ngabe sebedelela noma bagxeka emsebenzini? Ngabe babonakala bezidonsa bengena futhi belwela ukuqala? Ngabe sebecasukile noma abasenaso isineke ngabantu ababazungezile? Ngabe abanawo amandla okuba nomkhiqizo ngokuqhubekayo? Uma kuno-yebo kwezimbalwa, ozinza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufanele ukuthathe ngokungathi sína.
Indawo engabonakali cishe wonke umuntu anayo
Nangu ugibe. Silindele ukuthi ukusha kwamandla kubukeke njengomuntu ohlakazekayo, ngakho sihlola izigameko ezisobala bese siphutha lezo ezicashe obala. Lona kanye ucwaningo lwabaphathi lwathola ukuthi abantu abaphathi abamangala kakhulu ukubalahlekelwa yibo babevame ukuba yilabo ababezimisele, abaqondile, abafuna ukuphelela. "Kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi ukuthi awuyiboni iza," kuvuma omunye umphathi.
Cabanga ngokuthi lokho kuchaza bani. Umuntu ongalokothi asho u-cha. Olethayo kusenesikhathi. Ophendulayo ngo-11pm bese exolisa ngokwephuza. Ukusebenza kahle nokuzibandakanya okuphezulu kungahlala khona phezu kokusha kwamandla okunzima, futhi lona kanye ukukhona okukufihlayo yikho okwenza ukulahlekelwa yilowo muntu kubize kangaka. Ngakho uma isibonelo sakho sengqondo sesisebenzi esishile kwamandla kuwuloyo obonakala ehlupheka, sikhulise. Bheka nezinkanyezi zakho. Ikakhulukazi izinkanyezi zakho.
Ezinye izinto ezimbili ngokuthula ziyasiphuphuthekisa. Eyokuqala ukuthanda umuntu. Sihlola abantu esisondelene nabo kancane, hhayi kakhulu, ngoba kuzwakala kungenelela ukubuza umngane. Eyesibili umthwalo wethu ongaphezulu. Uma uminza, awuhambi phansi, awukho egumbini, futhi umane ubone abantu bakho kancane. Isixazululo sakho kokubili siyafana: yenza ukubheka kube umkhuba ohlosiwe kunento oyenza kuphela lapho amabhungane e-alamu ekhala.
Bheka izimo, hhayi umuntu kuphela
Uma ukusha kwamandla kukhula endaweni yomsebenzi, khona-ke uphawu lokuqala oluthembeke kakhulu ngokuvamile akusiwo umuntu nhlobo. Kuyisimo. Ucwaningo luka-Maslach lulokhu lukhomba iqoqwana lokungahambisani phakathi kwabantu nemisebenzi yabo okuqhuba ukusha kwamandla, futhi ungahlola isikhundla ufuna zona kude ngaphambi kokuba amandla omuntu aphele. Uma ubona ezimbili noma ezintathu ziqoqana kumuntu oyedwa, kuthathe njengesibona-ntuthu.
- Umthwalo womsebenzi ongaqali kabusha. Hhayi isikhathi esimatasa, kodwa isimo esihlala njalo sokungaphezu-kwamandla, kungekho amasonto athule ngasemuva okungalulanywa kuwo.
- Ukulawula okuncane kakhulu. Alikho izwi langempela ngokuthi umsebenzi wenziwa kanjani, nini, noma ngayiphi indlela. Ukunikwa imiphumela ngaphandle kwezwi endleleni kuyacekela phansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukwaziswa okunyamalele. Umzamo nemiphumela emihle enyamalala ekungekho lutho. Abantu bangathwala umthwalo osindayo isikhathi eside kakhulu uma ubonwa kunalapho ungabonwa.
- Umuzwa ohlukene womphakathi. Ukuxabana okungaxazululwa, ukwehlukaniswa, iqembu eseliyekile ukwesekana.
- Ukungabi nabulungiswa. Ukukhetha, izinqumo ezingacacile, umuzwa wokuthi imithetho iyagobela abanye kungabi njalo kwabanye. Zimbalwa izinto ezikhipha abantu amandla ngokushesha kunomuzwa wokuthi umdlalo ushukuzelwe.
- Ukungqubuzana kwezimiso. Ukucelwa, kaninginingi, ukuthi wenze umsebenzi ophambene nalokho umuntu akholelwa ukuthi kulungile noma kuhle.
Into ewusizo ngalolu hlu ukuthi zonke eziyisithupha zingxenye zisemandleni omholi. Awukwazi ukunika umuntu ukuqina. Ungacacisa okubalulekile, ubuyisele ingxenye yokuzimela, uthi ngiyabonga uqonde ngempela, noma ulungise inqubo wonke umuntu akwaziyo ngokuthula ukuthi ayinabo ubulungiswa. Uma uzithola ukhathazekile ngomuntu othile, hambisa isikhundla sakhe kulezi eziyisithupha. Ngokuvamile isixazululo sihlala ezimeni, hhayi engxoxweni.
Indlela yokukuphakamisa ngaphandle kokukwenza kube kubi
Ukuqaphela yingxenye elula. Ingxoxo yilapho izinhloso ezinhle zonakala khona, ngokuvamile ngengozi.
Ungaqali ngelebula. "Ngicabanga ukuthi usushe amandla" kufaka igama lezokwelapha emlonyeni womuntu bese kubamema ukuba bazivikele. Qala ngalokho okubonile ngempela, ngobumnene nangokuqondile.
Indlela yokungena evame ukusebenza
- Sho ushintsho, hhayi umuntu. "Ngiqaphele ukuthi ubonakale ukhathele emasontweni ambalwa edlule, futhi ubuthule kakhulu ezingcingweni zethu zeqembu. Lokho akufani nawe." Ukuqaphela, hhayi ukuxilonga.
- Kwenze mayelana nokukhathalela, bese uthula. "Ngibheka ngoba ngifuna, hhayi ngoba kukhona okungalungile ngomsebenzi wakho." Bese uyayeka ukukhuluma. Shiya ukuthula okukhulu ngokwanele ukuze impendulo eqotho ingene ngaphakathi.
- Buza, ungacabangeli. "Wenza kanjani ngempela nakho konke lokhu?" kungcono kunokuthi "Ubonakala ucindezelekile." Omunye uvula umnyango. Omunye ubanika iskripthi.
- Lalela lokho okungaphansi kwako. Ukusha kwamandla kuvame ukuba nezimpande ongenza okuthile ngazo: umthwalo womsebenzi ongenakwenzeka, izinto ezibalulekile ezingacacile, alikho izwi langempela, akukho ukwaziswa. Uzama ukuthola indawo ongancindezela kuyo, hhayi umuzwa nje.
- Landelela. Ingxoxo eyodwa enomusa engaholeli ekushintsheni lutho ingaba mbi kunengekho, ngoba ifundisa abantu ukuthi ukukhuluma akunasidingo. Uma uthi uzobheka umthwalo wabo, wubheke umthwalo wabo.
Ucwaningo lukhomba enye into okunzima ukuyimbumba: abaphathi ababedlule ekusheni kwamandla ngokwabo bakubona kusenesikhathi kwabanye futhi badala uhlobo lokuphepha lapho abantu bevuma ngempela ukuhlupheka. Akudingeki ushaye odongeni ukuze uhole kahle lapha. Kodwa ukuvuleleka kwakho ngengcindezi, ukuzimisela kwakho ukuthi "lesi sikhathi sibe siningi nakimi," kwenza kuphephe kakhudlwana ukuthi umuntu akutshele iqiniso.
Okungokwakho ukukulungisa, nokungasikho
Zicacisele ngomugqa. Awusiye udokotela wengqondo wanoma ubani, futhi ukuzama ukuba nguye kungakushiya nobabili nisimeni esibi kakhulu. Umsebenzi wakho ukuqaphela, ukulalela kahle, nokushintsha izimo zomsebenzi ozilawulayo. Ukunakekelwa kwangempela kungokwabachwepheshe.
Ngakho uma umuntu evuleka, ungalungisa umthwalo womsebenzi, usethe kabusha izinto ezibalulekile, uvikele isikhathi sabo sokuphumula ngempela, ubuyisele ingxenye yokulawula indlela abasebenza ngayo. Into ongakwazi ukuyenza ukwelapha ukukhathala kwezokwelapha, ukudangala, noma ukukhathazeka, futhi akufanele uzame. Uma umuntu echaza ukuphelelwa yithemba okuhlalayo, ukukhathala obuthongo obungeke bukuthinte, noma noma yini ekukhathazayo ngokuphepha kwabo, isinyathelo sakho ukubakhomba ngobumnene nangokucacile eusizweni lwangempela, uhlelo lokusiza izisebenzi uma unalo, udokotela wabo, uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, noma ucingo lwesimo esiphuthumayo uma kuphuthuma. Ukuthi "lokhu kuzwakala kukhulu kunalokho engingakusiza ngakho, futhi ngifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola usekelo olufanele" akukona ukudlulisela umthwalo komunye. Kuyinto enonembeza kakhulu ongayinikeza.
Abantu abahola abanye ngezikhathi ezinzima kahle akusibo labo abane-radar ephelele. Yilabo abahlala eduze ngokwanele ukuze baqaphele, babuza umbuzo owodwa wangempela, base benza okuthile ngempendulo. Ungaba yilowo muntu. Ingxenye enkulu yako imane ukunaka abantu abaphambi kwakho, kancane kusenesikhathi kunalokho okuzwakala kudingekile.
Imithombo
- World Health Organization, Burn-out an "occupational phenomenon": International Classification of Diseases
- American Psychological Association, Christina Maslach: The pioneer behind burnout research
- Mayo Clinic, Job burnout: How to spot it and take action
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, Line Managers' Perspectives and Responses when Employees Burn Out