Di Nsakraeɛ Anim A Womma Ehu Ntrɛw

Nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ no ho asɛm hyɛtɔ ansa na woawie wo slide deck no. Sikahyɛ bɔ gu. Wɔbom nnwumakuo abien wɔ nhyiam bi a obiara ntumi nnane no. Ɛkwan biara a ɛfa so no, berɛ pɔtee bi wɔ hɔ a ɔkannifoɔ biara hu: berɛ a nnipa hu sɛ nneɛma rebɛsesa, na wɔdane hwɛ wo no.

Deɛ wɔreyɛ ankasa wɔ saa berɛ tiawa no mu ne sɛ wɔrekenkan wo pɛ nsɛm. Ɛnyɛ deɛ ɛwɔ krataa no mu no. Deɛ aka no. Yɛbɛtumi atena ase ana? Yɛn ho yɛ ana? Ɛsɛ sɛ mesuro ana? Wode w'anim ne wo nne bua saa asɛmmisa no berɛ tenten ansa na woabue w'ano, na wo mmuae no trɛw.

Eyi ne nsakraeɛ akannie fa a emu yɛ den a nsakraeɛ ho nhyehyɛeɛ nkyerɛwtoɔ taa bu so no. Wubetumi anya nhyehyɛeɛ a mfomsoɔ biara nni mu na nanso woagya ehu wɔ w'akyi, ɛfiri sɛ ɛnyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ no nko ara na nnipa fa. Wɔfa tebea a wowɔ mu. Na wɔ nsakraeɛ ankasa mu no, wo tebea taa yɛ basaa, na ɛno yɛ nokorɛ. Adwuma no ne sɛ wobɛsua sɛ wobɛyɛ dinn wɔ akyi berɛ a wogu so resiesie wo ho wɔ mu, na woayɛ no a wonni obiara atoro.

Deɛ Enti a Wo Ehu Tu Mmirika Sen Wo Nhyehyɛeɛ

Nhwehwɛmu a emu yɛ den wɔ atenka a ɛfa hɔ sɛ atenka sane akyi. Wharton benfoɔ Sigal Barsade de n'adwumayɛ berɛ nyinaa hwehwɛɛ deɛ ɔfrɛ no atenka sane no mu, ɔkwan a atenka fa so firi obi so kɔ obi so a mpɛn pii no obiara nsi gyinaeɛ sɛ ɔde bɛma. Yɛfa yɛn ho yɛn ho atenka tebea sɛnea yɛfa kasabea, ɛnam nne, mmirikatu, gyinabea, ne sɛnea abogyeɛ si so. Barsade adwuma no huu sɛ eyi dodoɔ no ara fa so a wɔmfa kasa nni ho dwuma. Nsɛmfua no yɛ nkra no fa ketewaa bi.

Nneɛma mmienu na ɛma yei ho hia kɛseɛ berɛ a woredi anim. Nnipa hwɛ obiara a wɔhu no sɛ ɔhwɛ so no yie sen sɛnea wɔhwɛ wɔn yɔnko, enti wo tebea duru baabi a wo yɔnko adwumayɛni deɛ nnuru. Na ɛwom sɛ atenka pa ne atenka bɔne nyinaa trɛw deɛ, nanso adwumam taa ma deɛ ɛyɛ bɔne no mu yɛ den. Dadwen anya kwan adi kan.

Enti fa no sɛ deɛ ɛba berɛ a wode w'ankasa ehu a ɛfa nsakraeɛ no ho wura nhyiam kɛseɛ no mu. Wonnkora so. Wobɔ ho dawuro. Wo kasa a ayɛ ntɛm, wo mmatire a apere, sɛnea wokɔ so hwɛ wo fon, ne nyinaa, wɔkenkan na wɔde kɔ na ɛtrɛw wɔ nnipa a na dadwen aka wɔn dada no dan mu. W'adwene ne sɛ wobɛbɔ wɔn amaneɛ. Woguu wɔn ho fĩ.

Ɔfa a aka no ne adwuma ankasa no. Sɛ wowura mu a woayɛ dinn ampa a, woma nnipa biribi a wɔbɛfɛm. Wɔn bo tɔ wɔn yam kakra ɛfiri sɛ wo bo adwo, na dan a emu dwo si gyinaeɛ pa, bisa nsɛm pa, na ɛsɛe adeɛ kakraa bi wɔ abrannaa mu wɔ akyire. Wo abodwoɔ nyɛ ahyehyɛdeɛ kwa. Ɛsoa adesoa.

Abodwoɔ ne Kommyɛ Nyɛ Adeɛ Korɔ

Ɛha na akannifoɔ pii a wɔwɔ adwene pa fom. Wɔte sɛ "mma ehu ntrɛw" na wɔsi gyinaeɛ sɛ mmuae no ne sɛ wɔbɛka kakraa bi. Wɔde nsɛm no besie. Wɔserew na wɔhyɛ nkuran. Wɔtwɛn kɔsi sɛ biribiara bɛyɛ pefee ansa na wɔaka biribi akyerɛ obiara.

Ɛno sɛe adeɛ, na ɛsɛe adeɛ wɔ ɔkwan pɔtee bi so. Nnipa nim berɛ a biribi ankɔ yie. Baabi a nsɛm nni no nkyerɛ abodwoɔ. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔde biribi resie, na saa kommyɛ no mu na obiara hwie ne nsusuiɛ a ɛyɛ hu sen biara gu. Atosɛm yɛ hu bere biara sen nokorɛ, ɛfiri sɛ wɔde ehu na ɛyɛ atosɛm na ɛnni ano. Nsɛm a wode besie no ntew dadwen so. Ɛgye tumi a anka wowɔ sɛ wobɛnyɛ ho biribi no firi wo nsam kwa.

Botaeɛ no nyɛ sɛ wobɛkyerɛ sɛ biribiara yɛ fɛ. Mpɛn pii biribiara nyɛ fɛ, na sɛ woyɛ wo ho sɛ ɛnte saa a, ɛhye ahotosoɔ a wobɛhia ampa ansa na woafa asɛm no mu no. Botaeɛ no ne sɛ wobɛyɛ nokwasɛm farbae a etim, mpo ɛberɛ a nokwasɛm no nnwiee anaa ɛyɛ den.

Nhwehwɛmufoɔ a wɔhwehwɛ nsakraeɛ wɔ tebea a basabasayɛ wɔ mu ankasa mu no kɔ so ba biribi a ɛte saa so. Wɔ *Harvard Business Review* mu, Michaela Kerrissey ne Julia DiBenigno, a wɔhwehwɛɛ sɛnea ayaresabea maa nsakraeɛ baa ɛberɛ a Covid basabasayɛ no wɔ hɔ no, huu sɛ ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so a ɛyɛ brɛoo na etim a ɛnam nkonimdie nketewa ne kuo a wɔboaboa ano komm so no mfata ahohia ankasa. Basabasayɛ mmerɛ ne berɛ pɔtee a nnipa gye nsakraeɛ toɔ mu kɛseɛ, na akannifoɔ a wɔbɔ tebea no din pefee na wɔde pefee di anim yɛ yie sen akannifoɔ a wɔnam brɛoo. Nokwaredie ne gyinaesie, ɛnyɛ kabakaba a ɛdwodwo, na ɛma kuo a ehu aka wɔn tim.

Sɛnea Wode Nsakraeɛ a Emu Yɛ Den Bɛba a Womma Ehu Nsɔre

Yeinom mu biara nhia suban soronko bi. Ɛyɛ nneyɛeɛ bi a wubetumi apaw, na emu dodoɔ no ara sisi ansa na wɔaka akyerɛ nnipa ne berɛ a woreka akyerɛ wɔn ankasa mu.

Dwodwo Wo Ho Ansa Na Woadwodwo Obiara

Worentumi mma abodwoɔ a wonni. Ansa na nkɔmmɔbɔ no, yɛ nipadua adwuma a ɛnyɛ fɛ no a wode wo ara wo nipadua tebea firi ehu mu. Home a wogu ase brɛoo kakra. Wo nan si fam. Gogow wo mmatire ne wo nne mu. Eyi nyɛ biribi foforɔ a ɛnhia. Wo nne ne mmirikatu ne ɔkwan pɔtee a wo haw bɛfa so ahwie, enti sɛ wobrɛ wo home ase a, ɛbrɛ dan no mu deɛ nso ase.

Bɔ Nsakraeɛ No Din Pefee, Ntɛm, Wɔ W'ankasa Nsɛm Mu

Ka deɛ ɛrekɔ so ansa na obi foforɔ aka no bɔne. Fa kasa a emu da hɔ di dwuma, ɛnyɛ adwumam kasa a emu nna hɔ. "Yɛretwa sikasɛm no so ɔha mu dunum na ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nsakraeɛ bɛba kuo no mu" tɔ so yie sen "yɛrehyɛn berɛ a yɛsan hyehyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ mu." Kasa a emu nna hɔ ntew asɛmmɔne so. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ worehinta, na nnipa hyɛ wɔn ho den kɛseɛ.

Ka Nokorɛ Fa Deɛ Wonnim Ho

Eyi ne adeyɛ a ɛpaepae akannifoɔ a wɔatim ne wɔn a ehu aka wɔn no ntam. Worennya mmuae biara. Ka saa, boapa. "Deɛ menim nie. Deɛ mennim de besi seesei nie. Berɛ a mehwɛ kwan sɛ mɛnya nimdeɛ pii nie." Sɛ wobɔ ahotoɔntɔ no din prɛko a, ɛyɛ nneɛma mmienu prɛko pɛ: ɛsi nnipa kwan sɛ wɔbɛsusu sɛ woresie biribi, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ deɛ wonnim no, wobɛtumi atena ase. Ɔkannifoɔ a ɔbɛtumi atena ase dinn wɔ tebea a ɛnwiei mu no ma obiara kwan sɛ ɔnyɛ saa ara.

Ma Nnipa Biribi Yɛ

Ehu ne mmererɛ yɛ abusuafoɔ a wɔbɛn. Sɛ nnipa ntumi nyɛ biribi a, ehu no nni baabi foforɔ a ɛbɛkɔ gye sɛ emu, na ɛporɔ. Enti fa anammɔntuo a ɛdi hɔ, sɛ ɛsua sɛ ɛte biara, ka asɛmmɔne no ho. Adeɛ a wobɛfa w'adwene asi so saa dapɛn yi. Gyinaeɛ a ɛda so ara wɔ wɔn nsam. Ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so abisa nsɛm anaa wɔada wɔn haw adi. Tumi a wowɔ sɛ wobɛyɛ biribi yɛ ehu ano aduro a ɛyɛ ntɛm mu baako, ɛfiri sɛ ɛdane biribi a ɛreto nnipa *so* ma ɛyɛ biribi a wɔwɔ mu kyɛfa.

Bɔ Ho Ban Ma Wɔntumi Nka Asɛm a Ɛyɛ Hu No

Harvard nhwehwɛmufoɔ Amy Edmondson de mfeɛ dumienu dumienu ayɛ deɛ ɔfrɛ no adwene mu banbɔ no ho adwuma, atenka a yɛnyinaa wɔ sɛ wubetumi akasa, abisa asɛm a emu yɛ den, anaa woagye ho a woahaw ho ato mu a wɔntwe w'aso wɔ ho. N'adwuma a ɛnnaa yi da no adi pefee sɛ eyi ho hia *kɛseɛ* wɔ mmerɛ a emu yɛ den mu, ɛnyɛ kakra, ɛwɔ mu mpo sɛ saa berɛ no ara na nnwumakuo a ɔhaw da wɔn so no taa twa so. Wɔ ahotoɔntɔ ase no, nsɛm a wohia kɛseɛ, kɔkɔbɔ a ɛdi kan, akyinnyeɛ a ɛyɛ komm, "misusuw sɛ eyi yɛ mfomsoɔ" no, ɛduru wo hɔ bere a nnipa te nka sɛ wɔwɔ banbɔ a ɛdɔɔso sɛ wɔbɛka nkutoo. Nsakraeɛ a wɔhwɛ so wɔ kommyɛ a ehu wɔ mu no yɛ nsakraeɛ a ɛka anifirafoɔ. Enti to nsɛmmisa a anka wompɛ sɛ wote no nsa, na bua wɔn a wonhyɛ wo ho ban, ɛfiri sɛ ɔkwan a wofa so gye asɛmmisa a emu yɛ den a ɛdi kan no so no na ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi bɛbisa deɛ ɛtɔ so mmienu anaa.

Ka No Bɛboro Prɛko, Na Nni Dan No Anim Ntɛm Dodo

Berɛ ho afidie bi wɔ nsakraeɛ akannie mu, na akannifoɔ dodoɔ no ara tɔ mu ɛsiane sɛnea nsakraeɛ no te wɔ emu no enti.

Ɛberɛ a wobɔ nsakraeɛ bi ho amaneɛ no, mpɛn pii na wo ne no atena adapɛn pii. Woanya w'ankasa ehu dada, woabisa w'ankasa nsɛm, na wo ne no ayɛ asomdwoeɛ kakra. Woaduru gyeɛtoem. Wo kuo no wɔ dɔnhwere a ɛdi kan mu. Sɛ wobɔ wɔn amaneɛ prɛko na afei wode ahoɔhare kɔ dwumadie mu a, ɛnyɛ ntɛmpɛ na woreyɛ. Woredi nnipa a wɔda so gyina mfitiaseɛ hɔ ahodwiriw mu no anim mmirika. Wɔkenkan w'ahoɔhare no sɛ ɛyɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne sɛ wonte sɛnea eyi so kɛseɛ ase, anaa sɛ ɛmfa wo ho, na ɔkwan a ɛda ntam no bɛyɛ dadwen farbae.

Ano aduro no nyɛ fɛ nanso ɛyɛ adwuma. Ka nsɛm a ɛho hia no bɛboro prɛko. Nnipa a wɔwɔ ahohia mu no nnye nsɛm yie mprɛnkoro, na nhyiam kɛseɛ baako nkyerɛ sɛ woabɔ amaneɛ. Ti nkra titire no mu wɔ tebea ahodoɔ ne nsɛm ahodoɔ mu wɔ nna ne adapɛn mu. Hwɛ kwan sɛ nsɛmmisa korɔ no ara bɛsan aba, na bua no bio te sɛ ɛyɛ berɛ a ɛdi kan, ɛfiri sɛ ma onipa a ɔwɔ dadwen mu a ɔrebisa no, saa na ɛteɛ.

Hwɛ Wɔn a Wɔyɛ Komm No

Nnipa a wɔhaw wo koraa wɔ nsakraeɛ mu no taa yɛ wɔn a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ wɔn yie sen biara.

Nkabomu a ano yɛ den no yɛ mmerɛ sɛ wobɛhu na ɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ wobɛbua. Obi si asɛm ho kwan wɔ nhyiam no ase, wo ne no di nkitaho, mframa no te kakra. Ehu a emu yɛ den no ne deɛ ɛyɛ komm no, nnipa a wɔyɛ komm, wɔbobɔ tiri ma ho, na wɔfiri adi a wɔsoa ehu a wɔrenka nkyerɛ wo da. Wɔn dadwen no nyera. Ɛfa nkyɛn kɔ abrannaa mu nkɔmmɔ ne kokoam nkra mu, baabi a ɛnyini a nokwarem biara nni hɔ a ɛbɛteɛ, na akyire yi ɛda ne ho adi sɛ nnipa a wɔreyi wɔn ho komm anaa wɔrefiri.

Sɛ Ahotim No Wa A

Ɛtɔ da a wobɛhwere w'abodwoɔ. Wobɛbo fu wɔ nhyiam ase, anaa wode email a anka ɛnsɛ sɛ wode kɔ bɛkɔ, anaa woama dan no ahu sɛnea dadwen aka wo ankasa. Obiara yɛ saa, na wɔ nhyɛso ankasa ase no ɛbɛba mpɛn dodoɔ no ara.

Deɛ nnipa kae nyɛ sɛ woyɛɛ pɛ anaa. Ɛyɛ sɛ wosan baeɛ anaa. Ɔkannifoɔ a ɔka sɛ "mekaa wo ano ase nnora na na ɛnyɛ pɛ, na amaneɛbɔ no wosow me nso" no nhwere tumi. Wɔkyerɛ kuo mu no nyinaa sɛ wubetumi awa na woasan agyina, deɛ ɛyɛ adeɛ baako a mfasoɔ wɔ so kɛseɛ a wobɛgye adi berɛ a biribiara resesa no. Ɛno nso sane akyi.

Ahotim so wɔ deɛ ɛbɛtumi asoa ano, na ɛfata sɛ yɛka ho nokorɛ. Sɛ woredi nsakraeɛ anim na wo ho gu so rebubu komm, wo da hwɛ anadwo biara, wusuro anɔpa biara, na wobo fu wɔn a wodɔ wɔn wɔ fie a, ɛno nyɛ akannie haw a wode ahoɔden bɛfa mu. Ɛyɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne sɛ wosoa deɛ ɛboro deɛ onipa baako tumi soa nko ara so. Ka kyerɛ obi. Adwenemuyaresafoɔ, wo dɔkota, obi a wogye no di a ɔnni asɛm no mu. Akannifoɔ a wɔatim no nyɛ wɔn a wɔnhia mmoa da. Wɔyɛ wɔn a wɔnya ansa na wɔabubu, enti wɔda so gyina hɔ berɛ a wɔn nkurɔfoɔ hia wɔn kɛseɛ no.

Nsakraeɛ bɛkɔ so aba. Saa na ɛteɛ daa. Wo su a ɛbɛtumi ahyia no a ɛmma dan no nnhyew no yɛ biribi a wokyekyere wɔ mmerɛ a ɛyɛ daa mu na wode twere so wɔ mmerɛ a emu yɛ den mu, na nnipa a wɔatwa wo ho ahyia no bɛte nsonsonoeɛ no berɛ tenten ansa na wɔatumi abɔ ne din.

Nnyinasoɔ

• Harvard Business Review, How to Successfully Drive Change When Everything Is Uncertain (Michaela J. Kerrissey ne Julia DiBenigno)
• Harvard Business Review, In Tough Times, Psychological Safety Is a Requirement, Not a Luxury (nhwehwɛmu a Amy C. Edmondson ne ne mfɛfoɔ yɛeɛ)
• Knowledge at Wharton, Leadership Influence: Controlling Emotional Contagion (Sigal Barsade)
• Sigal Barsade, The Ripple Effect: Emotional Contagion and Its Influence on Group Behavior (Administrative Science Quarterly)