Mmerɛ a Ɛsɛ sɛ Wosi Gyinaeɛ Ntɛm anaa Brɛoo

Fa bere a etwa toɔ a wugyinaa gyinaeɛ bi so no yɛ mfonini. Ebia obi a wobɛfa no adwuma. Ebia sikasɛm bi, anaa sɛ wobɛsan agye bere a wɔahyɛ ho akyinnyeɛ anaa woromfa email a emu yɛ den no akɔ. Na wowɔ deɛ wohia no fa kɛse. Nanso wokɔɔ so boaboaa pii ano. Wode daa so, na wosan de daa so bio, na gyinaebɔ no anyɛ mmerɛ da, na mmom ɛkyɛɛ kɛkɛ. Bere no mu no, adeɛ a na worefa ne ho akɔneaba no tenaa hɔ, na ɛno na ɛboɔ wo dinn.

Afei fa deɛ ɛne no bɔ abira no yɛ mfonini. Gyinaeɛ a wusii no ntɛm efisɛ na ɔdan no mu nnipa rehwɛ wo na kommyɛ yɛɛ den sene sɛ woayɛ mfomso. Wode wo yam atenka na ɛkɔ, ntɛm, na ɛboɔ wo abosome pii.

Yeinom abien yɛ mfomso korɔ no ara a ahyɛ ntadeɛ soronko. Wode mmerɛ a ɛnsɛ too gyinaeɛ no so. Nimdeɛ a ɛfata sɛ wonya no nyɛ sɛ wobɛsi gyinaeɛ ntɛm, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛsi gyinaeɛ a wʼani da so kɛse. Ɛyɛ sɛ wobɛhunu, saa bere no ara, deɛ yei yɛ.

Asɛmmisa baako a ɛhwɛ gyinaeɛ pii so

Nsɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ tiawa wɔ hɔ a ɛyɛ adwuma sene mfasoɔ-ne-ɔhaw nhwɛsoɔ biara. Ansa na woasi gyinaeɛ no, bisa: metumi sesa yei anaa?

Jeff Bezos kaa gyinaeɛ ho asɛm sɛ ɛte sɛ apono. Bi yɛ apono a ɛfa afanu. Wofa mu, hwɛ wo ho hyia, na sɛ wʼani nnye ho a, wosan fi mu ba, na woanhwere pii. Afoforɔ yɛ apono a ɛfa baako. Sɛ wofa mu pɛn a, ɛnyɛ mmerɛ sɛ wobɛsan akɔ baabi a na wugyina kane no. Adeyɛ no nyinaa ne sɛ wobɛgyae sɛ wobɛfa wɔn nyinaa ɛkwan korɔ so.

Gyinaeɛ a wobɛtumi asesa no ɛsɛ sɛ wosi no ntɛm. Ɛnyɛ basabasa, ntɛm kɛkɛ. Sɛ wobɛtumi asesa wʼadwene nnawɔtwe a ɛreba no a ɛboɔ no nsua a, ɛnneɛ sɛ wode nnawɔtwe abien dwennwen ho a, ɛyɛ ɔsɛeɛ ankasa, na bere a wode bɛtwɛn no, ɛboɔ wo wɔ ahoɔden ne nsɛm a anka wobɛnya no na woayɛ adeɛ kɛkɛ. Fa ɔkwan a ɛyɛ pa sene a wuhu no seesei na kɔ. Wubesua pii wɔ gyinaeɛ no a ɛrekɔ so nnawɔtwe baako mu sene sɛ wode ɔsram foforɔ bɛsusu ho.

Gyinaeɛ a wontumi nsesa no ne deɛ ɛfata sɛ wuyɛ no brɛoo. Deɛ ɛyɛ den ankasa anaa ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsan afi mu. Adwuma mu ɔfa kɛse. Nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔdane (reorg). Adwuma a wugyae. Bɔhyɛ a wobɔ badwa mu a wontumi nsan nyi. Yeinom fata adwennwene, adwene a wofa fi obi nkyɛn, ne anadwo nna. Fa wʼabotare di dwuma wɔ ha, baabi a ɛtɔ biribi ma wo ankasa.

Deɛ ɛto wo pon so dodoɔ no yɛ apono a ɛfa afanu a wɔde apono-a-ɛfa-baako ntadeɛ ahyɛ no. Yɛ atenka wɔ nhyɛsoɔ ase ne sɛ yɛbɛfa biribiara sɛ deɛ wontumi nsesa, na ɛno ankasa ne sɛnea nnipa pa bɛyɛ brɛoo, wɔhwɛ wɔn ho yiye dodo, na wɔgyina baabi. Enti fa asesa-ho asɛmmisa no yɛ wʼanammɔn a ɛdi kan. Ɛsesa adeɛ no nyinaa wɔ bɛyɛ nkyɛmoa mmiɛnsa mu.

Nhwɛsoɔ tiawa, efisɛ nsonsonoeɛ no nna adi daa. "Yɛnsɔ nnafua nan adapɛn nhwɛ ma kuo no" te sɛ deɛ ɛyɛ kɛse. Sɛ wobu no sɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛbɛtena hɔ daa a, ɛyɛ apono a ɛfa baako na anka wobɛhaw wo ho. Nanso sɛ wofa no sɛ nsɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ nnawɔtwe nsia a ɛwɔ da a wɔbɛsan ahwɛ so a, ɛdane apono a ɛfa afanu, wobɛtumi asi ho gyinaeɛ Benada. "Menka nkyerɛ ɔdwumayɛni sɛ yɛrekyekyɛ ɛkwan?" te sɛ nkra tiawa a ntɛm, nanso ɛyɛ apono a ɛfa baako, sɛ woka pɛn a wuntumi nsan ka, enti ɛno fata sɛ wokyerɛw no brɛoo na obi foforɔ kenkan. Gyinaeɛ korɔ no ara, ntɛm a ɛbɔ abira, na ade a ɛsesaa ara ne sɛnea wuhuu ɔpon no pefee. Adwuma no fã kɛse wɔ sɛnea wode si gyinabea mu. Wobɛtumi adane apono a ɛfa baako ayɛ no apono a ɛfa afanu sɛ wote bɔhyɛ no so, nsɔhwɛ na ɛnyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ kɛse, ɔsram baako na ɛnyɛ daa.

Asɛmmisa a ɛtɔ so mmienu, bere a ɔpon no fa baako

Sɛ woasi gyinaeɛ sɛ yei deɛ ɛyɛ den ankasa sɛ wobɛsan afi mu a. Sɛ wobɛyɛ brɛoo no yɛ deɛ ɛfata. Nanso brɛoo bɛtumi adane sɛ woagyina baabi a wontumi nkɔ anim, enti ɛboa sɛ wobɛnya awieeɛ a ɛyɛ nokware.

Deɛ ɛyɛ adwuma no fi akannifoɔ a wɔsi gyinaeɛ pa wɔ kɛseyɛ mu nkyɛn: kɔ bere a wowɔ bɛyɛ ɔha mu aduɔson nsɛm a anka wopɛ sɛ wowɔ no. Wɔ ɔha mu aduonum no, woresusu nkontaa. Nanso sɛ wotwɛn kɔsi ɔha mu aduɔkron anaa ɔha mu ɔha a, akyinnyeɛ biara nni mu sɛ woatwɛn akyɛ dodo, na akyirikyɛ no boɔ no abu so kɛse sene mfomso kakra a wobɛyɛ no boɔ. Andy Jassy, a ɔkyerɛwee wɔ *Harvard Business Review* mu, ka asɛm korɔ no ara wɔ deɛ enti a ahoɔhare yɛ akannifoɔ gyinaeɛ no ho: bere dodoɔ no ara wobɛtumi aboaboa adwene kakra ano, asi gyinaeɛ, na woasakra bere a woresua, na akuo a wɔhwehwɛ awerɛhyɛmu ansa na wɔayɛ adeɛ biara no nkakrankakra gyae.

Enti asɛmmisa abien, wɔ ne nhyehyɛeɛ mu. Metumi sesa yei anaa? Sɛ aane a, si gyinaeɛ seesei ara. Sɛ daabi a, mewɔ bɛyɛ ɔha mu aduɔson nsɛm a anka mehia sɛ mɛyi pa anaa? Sɛ aane a, si gyinaeɛ seesei ara. Sɛ wowɔ ɔha mu aduɔson ase a, kyerɛ nokwasɛm abien anaa mmiɛnsa pɔtɔɔ a anka ɛbɛsesa wo mmuaeɛ, kɔ na fa ɛno nko ara, na fa bere si hɔ a wobɛsi gyinaeɛ ɛkwan biara so. "Mɛnya mmuaeɛ no Yawda" boro "bere a metenka sɛ masiesie me ho" so, efisɛ wɔ nhyɛsoɔ ase no, wonte nka da sɛ woasiesie wo ho.

Deɛ adwennwene reyɛ wo bere a woresi gyinaeɛ

Yei ne ɔfa a gyinaeɛ ho afotuo dodoɔ no ara fa so. Mmerɛ a saa gyinaebɔ yi ho hia paa no taa yɛ mmerɛ a wʼakwankyerɛ sua sɛ wobɛyɛ, efisɛ adwennwene sesa sɛnea wʼamoa si gyinaeɛ, na ɛnyɛ ɔkwan pa so.

Bere a nsuyiri abɛ wo so no, adwene a ɛkari nneɛma no fã gyae kasa na fã a ɛyɛ ntɛm na ɛyɛ ne ho yɛ adwuma. Ɛno yɛ nhyehyɛeɛ, ɛyɛ papa sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wuhuruw fi kwan so. Ɛyɛ ɔhaw sɛ woreyi ɔtɔnfoɔ anaa woreyɛ nkra a ɛyɛ den. Nhwehwɛmufoɔ a wɔhwehwɛ gyinaebɔ wɔ nhyɛsoɔ ase mu no ahunu nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛyɛ pɛ: adwennwene a ɛyɛ den piapia nnipa kɔ deɛ wɔayɛ no daa so na ɛfi nyansabɔ a ɛyɛ den a botaeɛ kyerɛ kwan so. Wosan kɔ adeɛ a ɛyɛ daa so, deɛ wɔayɛ no daa, adeɛ a woyɛ daa, sɛ ɛkɔ a tebea a ɛwɔ wʼanim no hwehwɛ biribi foforɔ mpo.

Yeinom mu biara nkyerɛ sɛ wʼasɛe. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ amoa a adwennwene aba so no yɛ nnwennimadeɛ soronko sen deɛ ɛdwoo, na ɛsɛ sɛ wobu ho akontaa sɛnea ɔwimhyɛnsofoɔ bu ewiem nsakraeɛ ho akontaa.

Adeyɛ mu de no yɛ tiawa:

• Sɛ wobɛtumi asesa a, wʼamoa a adwennwene aba so no yɛ. Ahoɔhare ne gyinaeɛ a ɛyɛ pa ara, na gyinaeɛ a ɛyɛ ntɛm a wobɛtumi asesa no nni mu ɔhaw kɛse. Fa wo ho to fã a ɛyɛ ntɛm no so wɔ ha. Wɔayɛ no ama yei.
• Sɛ wontumi nsesa a, nsi gyinaeɛ bere a woahyɛ. Ma wo honam nsiane kane, ahome a ɛyɛ brɛoo kakra, nantewamu tiawa, nsuo, ahomegyeɛ ankasa, na afei san hwɛ bio. Wonnyae adeyɛ. Woretwɛn ama wʼadwene ankasa asan aba so.
• Nya adwene wɔ mmuaeɛ a ɛda adi pefee no ho bere a woahyɛ. Sɛ gyinaeɛ no te sɛ deɛ wɔahyɛ wo na ɛkwan baako pɛ a wuhu no yɛ deɛ wode yɛ daa a, ɛno taa yɛ deɛ woayɛ daa no na ɛrekasa, na ɛnyɛ tebea no. Hyɛ wo ho ma kyerɛ ɛkwan foforɔ baako ansa na wode wo ho ahyɛ mu.

Onipa a wode no ba mu, ne bere a wode no ba

Ahoɔhare ne brɛoo nfa bere nko ara ho. Ɛfa nnipa dodoɔ a wode wɔn ba mu ho. Na ha nso nyansa korɔ no ara wɔ hɔ. Apono a ɛfa afanu nhia nhyiamu kɛse mpɛn pii. Sɛ wobɛtumi asesa no a ɛnboɔ wo a, sɛ wobisa nnipa baanum sɛ wɔmma wɔn adwene a, ɛma wode bere kɛkɛ na wode wʼadwene ankasa a wɔanya nsuo afra. Si gyinaeɛ wo ho, ka deɛ wusii kyerɛ nnipa, kɔ so. Gyinaeɛ a wobɛtumi asesa no botaeɛ ne sɛ mfomso no boɔ sua, enti sɛ wobisa obiara afotuo a ɛho boɔ no mfata.

Apono a ɛfa baako no na nnipa foforɔ nya wɔn baabi wɔ ɔpon no ho. Ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔbɛto aba, na mmom sɛ wɔbɛhunu deɛ wuntumi nhunu. Bere a wobɛn gyinaeɛ kɛse na adwennwene aba wo so kakra no, wʼankasa wʼaniani nsɛm no yɛ kɛse, na onipa a ɔtɔ so mmienu a ɛsɛ no ne deɛ ɔbɛka asɛm a ɛnyɛ dɛ no na ɛnyɛ deɛ ɛyɛ wʼani fɛw no. Fa wɔn boapɛm. Obi a wasi gyinaeɛ a ɛte sei pɛn, anaa obi a ɔbɛtena deɛ ɛbɛfi mu aba no mu, anaa kɛkɛ no, ɔyɔnko a wo ho nyɛ no fɛ koraa. Bisa wɔn asɛmmisa pɔtɔɔ no, na ɛnyɛ "wʼadwene ne sɛn," a ɛma wobu wɔn abati so, na mmom "ɛhe na ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nokware ansa na yei akɔ basabasa." Saa asɛmmisa no twe asiane no ba badwa mu bere a wɔda so betumi ayɛ biribi afa ho.

Afidie a ɛyɛ komm wɔ ɔfa a ɛkeka ho nso. Adwene a wɔboaboa ano no bɛtumi adane ɔkwan a wode kwati gyinaebɔ, ɔkwan a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛkyerɛ akyirikyɛ. Sɛ wuhu sɛ woaduru wʼafotufoɔ a ɔtɔ so anan na wonnya nbɛn ho a, ɛyɛ den sɛ wowɔ wo mmuaeɛ na worehwehwɛ kwan a wɔde bɛma wo. Fa awieeɛ a ɛte sɛ deɛ wode bɛto nokwasɛm no so no si hɔ. Nkɔmmɔdie pa abien, na afei woasi gyinaeɛ.

Yɛ no su ansa na wahia no

Te sɛ nneɛma dodoɔ a ɛgyina nhyɛsoɔ ase no, yei yɛ mmerɛ wɔ mpɛn dodoɔ a woyɛ no wɔ tebea a ɛdwoo mu. Bi a ɛboa:

Hwɛ wʼankasa wʼabrabɔ a woyɛ daa so daa. Yɛn mu dodoɔ no ara da fã baako so, sɛ yɛyɛ gyinaebɔ akɛseɛ ntɛm sɛ yɛbɛguan atenka a ɛyɛ den a ɛba bere a yɛkura mu no, anaa yɛhaw yɛn ho wɔ nketewa a anka ɛmfata no ho. Sɛ wuhu wʼafãfa no a ɛma wo kwan sɛ wobɛsesa. Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔdwennwen ho kɛse a, wʼahyɛdeɛ ne "fa bere si hɔ na di so." Sɛ woyɛ obi a wode wo yam yɛ adeɛ a, wo deɛ no yɛ "kyerɛ apono a ɛfa baako no na yɛ brɛoo ma ɛno."

Fa kasa hyɛ gyinaebɔ bere. Sɛ woka kyerɛ wʼayɔnko sɛ "mɛsi gyinaeɛ Fida" a, ɛdane dadwene a ɛnyɛ pɔtɔɔ no adwuma a ɛwɔ awieeɛ, na ɛbɔ wo ho ban fi ehu a enni anoɔ a ɛma gyinaebɔ yɛ den sene sɛnea ɛteɛ.

Kyerɛw gyinaeɛ no sɛ ɛyɛ kɛse a. Nsɛm kakra a ɛfa deɛ wusii, deɛ na wonim saa bere no, ne deɛ na wʼani da so sɛ ɛbɛsi. Ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛkyerɛ wo ho mmu akyiri yi. Na mmom sɛ wobɛtetew gyinaebɔ a ɛyɛ pa afi awieeɛ a ɛnyɛ pa ho, efisɛ gyinaeɛ pa ɛtɔ da bi a awieeɛ no nyɛ pa na wompɛ sɛ wusua adesua a ɛnyɛ pa na wafi aseɛ asusu adeyɛ biara ho.

Na fa adɔeɛ a anka wode bɛma wʼayɔnko no ma wo ho. Wobɛyɛ yeinom bi mfomso. Deɛ wobɛtumi asesa no, wobɛtene no kɛkɛ. Deɛ wontumi nsesa no na enti a woyɛɛ brɛoo wɔ kane no, na ɛhɔ mpo, gyinaeɛ a wodwennwenee ho na anyɛ yiye no nyɛ abrabɔ pa ho mfomso. Ɛyɛ obi a ɔsi gyinaeɛ koraa no boɔ.

Bere a adesoa no yɛ den sene sɛnea ɔkwan bi tumi kura

Nsonsonoeɛ wɔ gyinaeɛ a ɛyɛ den ne gyinaeɛ a ano renyɛ deɛ ɛbɛtumi aba bio ntam. Sɛ gyinaebɔ abɛyɛ biribi a wusuro daa, sɛ woda na wode gyinaeɛ a woasi dada di agorɔ wʼani so, sɛ gyinaebɔ a wuntumi nyɛ no anya kwan afi adwuma mu akɔ biribiara mu na wote nka sɛ wɔakyekyere wo nkakrankakra mmerɛ pii a, ɛno fata sɛ wofa no sɛ biribi a ɛsen adwumayɛ ho ɔhaw. Gyinaebɔ a wuntumi nyɛ a ɛkɔ so daa bɛtumi ne ahopopoɔ anaa awerɛhoɔ akɔ, na yeinom gye ɔhwɛ. Ayaresafoɔ anaa wo dɔkota bɛtumi aboa wo, na sɛ wofrɛ obi a ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ den, ɛnyɛ deɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛ. Ahosɛpɛ korɔ no ara a ɛma woyɛ pa wɔ nhyɛsoɔ ase no fata sɛ wobɔ ho ban wɔ wʼankasa wo mu nso.

Nanso nna dodoɔ no ara, ano aduru no sua sene sɛnea ɛte nka. Bisa sɛ wobɛtumi asesa anaa. Sɛ wobɛtumi a, si gyinaeɛ seesei ara. Sɛ wuntumi a, du baabi a ɛdɔɔso, ma wo honam nyɛ komm, na si gyinaeɛ ɛkwan biara so. Gyinaeɛ no nyɛ mmerɛ. Wo na wonya nimdeɛ wɔ ɛsoa mu.

Nkyerɛaseɛ

• Harvard Business Review, Speed Is a Leadership Decision
• Harvard Business Review, Make Good Decisions Faster
• Anthony J. Porcelli & Mauricio R. Delgado, Stress and Decision Making: Effects on Valuation, Learning, and Risk-taking (Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences)
• Farnam Street, Reversible and Irreversible Decisions