Tabs mmienu abue. Baako yɛ kasa adesua a wo ako no akyi mfeɛ pii, na baako nso yɛ dua adwuma adesua a ɛwɔ simma du kwan firi wo fie, na mmienu nyinaa yɛ nokware. Wowɔ sika no, woahunu nnɔnhwerɛ bɛyɛ enum wɔ nnawɔtwe biara mu, na woasiesie wo ho sɛ wode wo nkwa mu berɛ tenten bɛto biribi so na woayɛ ho nyansafoɔ ankasa.
Adeɛ baako pɛ na ɛsi kwan: wontumi nyi baako, na berɛ a wonyii baako no, nnɔnhwerɛ enum no kɔ kwa. Ɔhaw pa ni, na ɛsɛ sɛ wode ɔkwan pɔtee di ho dwuma sene sɛ wobɛto sika mu. Nyiyimu pa nkyerɛ sɛ wobɛhunu wo frɛ koro nokwafoɔ no. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobɛfa deɛ ɛbɛboro so akɔ so, wobɛsɔ no hwɛ kakra ansa na woahyɛ bɔ a wobɛyɛ ho yea, na afei woato asɛm no mu na w'adwene ho anhwere ankɔ tab a woanyi no so.
Sɛ nneɛma mmiɛnsa nyinaa yɛ me anigye a, mɛyɛ dɛn ayi baako?
Twerɛ nneɛma mmiɛnsa a wodwene ho, sɔ emu biara hwɛ nnawɔtwe mmienu wɔ nnɔnhwerɛ a wowɔ ankasa mu, na fa wo ho ma deɛ na wobue no daa a wonnyaa wo ho akyinnyeɛ. Nnawɔtwe mmienu ware ma foforɔ no ho anigyeɛ tumi si, na ɛtiaa ma wonhweree hwee a ɛbɛhaw wo.
Mmiɛnsa yɛ dodoɔ a ɛfata, na ntease wɔ ho. Baako pɛ mma wo biribi a wode bɛtoto ho, enti wontumi nhu sɛ anigyeɛ anaa nokware fata na ɛwɔ hɔ, na wobɛdwene ɔkwan a woamfa so no ho afe mu nyinaa. Enum anaa nsia ma nyiyimu no ankasa dane adwuma, na saa na wɔde gyaa saa gyinaeɛ yi mfeɛ du.
Berɛ a woresɔ wɔn hwɛ no, twerɛ deɛ ɛnyɛ hɔ no. Ntwerɛ anigyeɛ, ɛfiri sɛ nnawɔtwe a ɛdi ɛkan no mu, biribiara yɛ dɛ. Twerɛ sɛ da a na wo brɛ no, wobuee anaa; sɛ wodwenee ho berɛ a na woreyɛ ade foforɔ anaa; ne berɛ a ɛgyee ansa na woahyɛ aseɛ wɔ akyire a wotenaa ase. Saa nneɛma mmiɛnsa no kyerɛ wo mfeɛ mmienu a ɛreba no ho ade sene sɛdeɛ adesua a ɛdi ɛkan no tee wɔ wo nka mu.
Ɛdeɛn na ɛma adeyɛ bi fata mfeɛ mmienu na ɛnyɛ abosome mmienu?
Nsɔhwɛ mmiɛnsa, na adeyɛ a ɛfata mfeɛ mmienu no di mmiɛnsa no nyinaa so: ɛka wo adwuma a wode wo nsa ahyɛ mu dada ho na ɛma no yɛ kɛse, wobɛtumi anya mmuae pa wɔ ho wɔ bosome mu, na n'ase bɛtena hɔ akyɛre sene nnwuma nnwinnadeɛ a wɔde di ho dwuma seesei.
Deɛ ɛka ho ma ɛdɔɔso no na nnipa gyae. Adeyɛ a ɛte wo adwuma a wodi dada nkyɛn tua ka mprenu sene deɛ ɛgyina ne nko ara, ɛfiri sɛ dɔnhwere biara a wode di dwuma no, ɛma adeɛ baako no nso yɛ papa, na wonya akwannya sɛ wode bedi dwuma a wonyɛ nsiesie biara. Sɛ wotwerɛ de didi a, ɛnneɛ mfoniniyɛ a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ nsɛm mu no ka ho. Sanku bɔ a wobɛsua no nka ho, na ɛno nso yɛ, sɛ wonim saa berɛ a woreyi no a.
Mmuaeɛ a wonya no yɛ nsɔhwɛ a ɛtɔ so mmienu, na ɛno na ɛkyerɛ ntɛm a nnɔnhwerɛ dane nyansa. Sɛ obiara ntumi nka nkyerɛ wo wɔ bosome mu sɛ woretu mpɔn anaa a, wode mfeɛ mmienu bɛsua mfomsoɔ bi yie yie. Hwehwɛ baabi a nsɛnkyerɛnne wɔ: nnwom a wobɛtumi atie bio, dua nkabomu a ɛso anaa ɛnso, onipa a ɔbɛkenkan krataa no na waka baabi a ne ho fonoo no akyerɛ wo.
Nsɔhwɛ a ɛtɔ so mmiɛnsa ne sɛ ɛbɛtena hɔ akyɛre, na akontabuo wɔ ho. David Deming ne Kadeem Noray, a wɔde Amerika adwuma ho nsɛm yɛɛ adwuma no hunuu sɛ, mfasoɔ kɛseɛ a ɛwɔ mfiridwuma adesua so wɔ mfitiaseɛ no tew bɛboro fa wɔ mfeɛ du a ɛdi ɛkan wɔ adwumayɛ mu, ɛfiri sɛ mfiridwuma no ankasa mu nsakraeɛ kɔ so wɔ wɔn a wosuae no ase. Ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ nsua nnwinnadeɛ. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ yi adeyɛ a n'ase da nnwinnadeɛ no ase.
Mɛyɛ dɛn asɔ adeyɛ bi ahwɛ nnawɔtwe mmienu a berɛ no renkɔ kwa?
Yi ade ketewa baako a wubetumi ayɛ awie wɔ nnawɔtwe mmienu no mu. Ɛnyɛ adesua nhoma anaa nkyerɛkyerɛmu ti: ade ketewa baako a ɛwɔ hɔ berɛ a ɛba awieeɛ, na obi foforɔ tumi hwɛ.
Sanku bɔ simma mmienu a wɔatwa. Akonnwa baako. Nkɔmmɔ simma du a wo ne obi a ɔka kasa no bɛbɔ na wateɛ wo so. Krataa baako a wotwerɛ fa biribi a wonim ho. Deɛ wobɛyɛ no ho hia ɛfiri sɛ ɛma wutwam fa adeyɛ foforɔ biara fa a ɛte sɛ akenkan no, na saa akenkan no na ɛdaadaa nnipa ma wɔsusu sɛ wɔayi yie.
Twerɛ nsɛm mmiɛnsa anadwo biara: simma dodoɔ, deɛ woyɛeɛ, ne sɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ wokasa kyerɛ wo ho ansa na woahyɛ aseɛ anaa. Nnawɔtwe mmienu awieeɛ no, deɛ woatwerɛ no na ɛsi gyinaeɛ, ɛnyɛ w'anigyeɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ anadwo a ɛtwa toɔ no. Na sɔ wɔn hwɛ baako baako, na ɛnnyɛ berɛ korɔ, ɛfiri sɛ sɛ wode toto ho a, deɛ na wowɔ ahoɔden ma no saa nnawɔtwe no na ɛdi nkonim.
Sɛ Onyame amma me adom wɔ mu a, ɛho hia anaa?
Ɛnhia sɛ deɛ ɛfa adeyɛ no ankasa ho no. Brooke Macnamara, David Hambrick ne Frederick Oswald nhwehwɛmu kɛseɛ bi hunuu sɛ, nsiesieɛ a wɔyɛ no adwene mu no na ɛde nsonsonoeɛ a ɛwɔ adeyɛ mu bɛyɛ ɔha mu 26 ba wɔ agodie mu, ɔha mu 21 wɔ nnwom mu, ɔha mu 18 wɔ agodie ahoɔdenyɛ mu, na ɛsua koraa wɔ nwomasua ne adwumayɛ mu.
Fa no sɛ nokware a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔyɛ no ho, na ɛnyɛ atɛmmuo a ɛfa wo ho. Baabi a adwuma no gyina pintinn na mmuaeɛ ba ntɛm no, nnɔnhwerɛ dane nyansa ntɛm, na ɛhɔ ara ne baabi a obi a ɔfiri fam ase tumi tu mpɔn ntɛm. Baabi a mmuaeɛ ba brɛoo na nneɛma sesa daa no, nnɔnhwerɛ da so ara ho hia, nanso ɛhwehwɛ nhyehyɛeɛ pa ne aniwa foforɔ pii ansa na atua ka. Enti mfa adom a wowɔ nyi, fa mmuaeɛ a ɛba ntɛm nyi.
Sɛ meyi mfomsoɔ deɛ ɛ?
Wohwere abosome kakra, na ɛnyɛ mfeɛ mmienu no, na sɛ wobu deɛ ɛtu di kɔ so no ho akontaa a, ɛsua koraa. Deɛ wonya wɔ adeyɛ biara a ɛso mu abosome a ɛdi ɛkan mu no dodoɔ no ara kɔ baabiara: sɛdeɛ wobɛyɛ nsiesieɛ berɛ, sɛdeɛ wobɛgyina ano sɛ wonnim biribi wɔ obi a ɔnim anim, sɛdeɛ wobɛbubu adeɛ kɛseɛ mu ayɛ no ade ketewa a wubetumi ayɛ Benada.
Mfomsoɔ a ne boɔ yɛ den no nyɛ sɛ wobɛyi mfomsoɔ. Ɛyɛ sɛ wobɛsan ayi foforɔ nnawɔtwe dubaako biara. Angela Duckworth ne ne mfɛfoɔ hwehwɛɛ deɛ ɛma nnipa wie nneɛma a ɛyɛ den ankasa mu, wɔ West Point asraafoɔ, sukuufoɔ ne ɔman mu nsɛmfua kyerɛw akansifoɔ mu, na deɛ wohunuiɛ ne akokoduru: boasetɔ ne ɔdɔ a ɛwɔ botaeɛ tenten ho, na na ɛne nyansa nsusuiɛ nkɔ abira. Fa toto wo gyinaeɛ ho na deɛ mfasoɔ wɔ so ne deɛ ɛnkaeɛ. Obiara wɔ nhwehwɛmu no mu a wɔdaa no adi sɛ ɔyii adeɛ a mfomsoɔ nni mu koraa.
Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ gyinaeɛ a ɛyɛ pa kɛkɛ a wokura mu di nkonim wɔ gyinaeɛ a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ a wobue mu daa so. Hyɛ da a wobɛsan ahwɛ mu mmom sɛ wobɛpɛ kwan a wobɛfa so adwane. Mfeɛ mmienu firi mfitiaseɛ no, hwɛ no nokware mu na si gyinaeɛ bio. Ɛfiri seesei kɔsi saa berɛ no, asɛmmisa no mu ato, na saa ato no ne deɛ saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi nyinaa tɔ ma wo.
Ka no soro, na gyae adwadie
Sɛ nsɔhwɛ no ba awieeɛ a, ma gyinaeɛ no nsakra yɛ den wɔ ɔkwan a ne boɔ nyɛ den so. Ka kyerɛ onipa baako a ɔbɛbisa wo ho asɛm. Twerɛ adeyɛ no gu biribi a wohunu so. Fa nnɔnhwerɛ no hyɛ wo berɛ nhyehyɛeɛ mu a adeyɛ no din ankasa wɔ so, na ɛnyɛ berɛ kwa bi, na to tabs a aka no mu.
Ɛnyɛ asetena ketewa. Adeyɛ baako a wobɛyi no ne ɔkwan a wofa so boaboa ahoɔden ano, na mfeɛ du akyi no, nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda ade baako a woyɛ ho nyansafoɔ ankasa ne nneɛma mmiɛnsa a wo ne no anim nim ho no nyɛ ketewa, ɛyɛ asetena foforɔ koraa. Nneɛma mmienu a woanyi no nyeraeɛ. Wɔda hɔ retwɛn, na wobɛba wɔn nkyɛn a nsiesieɛ su asi hɔ dada, na ɛno yɛ ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so aduru hɔ sene sɛdeɛ anka wobɛtumi ayɛ afe yi.
Enti yi deɛ na wobue no daa no, fa nnɔnhwerɛ a woanya dada no ma no, na ma ɛnyɛ den. Akyinnyegyeɛ nyɛ ɔhaw da. Berɛ a wonhyɛɛ hwee no na ɛyɛ ɔhaw.
Nsɛm a wɔgyee firii mu
- Psychological Science, Deliberate practice and performance in music, games, sports, education, and professions: a meta-analysis
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Grit: perseverance and passion for long-term goals
- National Bureau of Economic Research, STEM Careers and the Changing Skill Requirements of Work