Indlela Yokuthola Udokotela Wengqondo Noma Umeluleki

Mhlawumbe umngane usho okuthile. Mhlawumbe usuthwele umthwalo izinyanga futhi ukhathele ukuwuthwala wedwa. Mhlawumbe udokotela ukubalile, noma kwenzeka into ongeke uyeke ukuyicabanga. Noma ufike kanjani lapha, unqume ukufuna udokotela wengqondo. Leso sinqumo siyingxenye enesibindi, futhi okusele imvamisa yizinhlelo zokusebenza.

Sisho lokho ngoba ukusesha ngokwako kungazwakala njengesithiyo saso. Uvula uhlu, ubone amagama angamakhulu amabili nodonga lwezinhlamvu emva kwelinye ngalinye, bese uvala ithebhu buthule. Ngakho ake sikuthathe kancane. Akukho nokukodwa kwalokhu okudinga ukuthi ukuqonde kuqala.

Zonke lezo zinhlamvu zisho ukuthini

Inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu emva kwegama lomhlinzeki sikutshela nje ukuqeqeshwa kwabo nalokho abavunyelwe ukukwenza. Akudingeki ukuyibambe ngekhanda. Umdwebo omfushane:

• Udokotela wezifo zengqondo ngudokotela wezokwelapha (MD noma DO) ochwepheshe empilweni yengqondo. Bangabhala futhi baphathe imithi, futhi abanye benza nokwelapha ngokukhuluma. Ubungambona uma umuthi ungaba yingxenye yesithombe.
• Usazi-ngqondo (ngokuvamile PhD noma PsyD) uqeqeshelwe ukuxilonga izimo nokwenza ukwelapha. Ezindaweni eziningi ababhali umuthi.
• Umeluleki onelayisensi noma udokotela wengqondo (uzobona i-LPC, i-LMFT, i-LCSW, nokufanayo) unokungenani iziqu ze-master kanye namahora omtholampilo aqashiwe. Yilaba bantu abaningi bethu esibasho ngokuthi "udokotela wengqondo." Odokotela bomshado nomndeni bagxila ebudlelwaneni; abasebenzi bezenhlalakahle bomtholampilo bavame ukukuxhumanisa nosizo olubonakalayo kanye nokukhuluma.

Ezinkingeni zansuku zonke, ukukhathazeka, umoya ophansi, usizi, ingcindezi engapheli, ukucindezeleka kobudlelwano, noma yimuphi kulaba ochwepheshe angasiza. Ilayisensi ibaluleke kancane kunokuhambelana, ngokuhlukile okukodwa: uma ucabanga ukuthi ungadinga umuthi, uzofuna udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma umbhali womuthi abe khona, futhi kujwayelekile ukubona umuntu oyedwa ngomuthi nomunye ngokukhuluma.

Ukuthi uqale kuphi ngempela ukubheka

Awukho umnyango wangaphambili owodwa, okuyingxenye yesizathu sokuthi kuzwakale kudida. Khetha noma yikuphi kokungcono kuwe namuhla bese uqala lapho.

1. I-inshuwarensi yakho. Uma unomshwalense, shayela inombolo esekhadini lakho noma ungene esizindeni sabalungu bese ucela abahlinzeki bempilo yengqondo abasenethiwekhini. Yilesi isinyathelo esikonga imali eningi kakhulu kamuva, ngakho kufanele wenze kusenesikhathi yize kungeyona into ejabulisayo.
2. Udokotela wakho oyinhloko. Udokotela ovamile angenza uhlolo oluyisisekelo lwempilo yengqondo bese ekunika incwadi yokuthunyelwa komuntu abamthembayo. Uma ukuthatha ifoni ushayele umuntu ongamazi kuzwakala kukuningi kakhulu, le yindlela emnene yokungena.
3. Isikhombi sikahulumeni. I-National Institute of Mental Health ikhomba abantu emathulusini amahhala, awomphakathi, kufaka phakathi umugqa wosizo kazwelonke we-SAMHSA nesitholi sokwelashwa sayo, esingaveza izinketho eduze kwakho kungakhathaliseki isimo somshwalense.
4. Indawo yakho yomsebenzi noma isikole. Abaqashi abaningi banikeza uHlelo Lokusiza Abasebenzi olunezikhathi ezimbalwa zamahhala, eziyimfihlo. Amakolishi cishe njalo anesikhungo sokwelulekwa sabafundi. Kokubili kulula ukukweqa futhi kuvame ukuba mahhala.
5. Umtholampilo wasenyuvesi. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ze-psychology ne-psychiatry zivame ukuqhuba imitholampilo ebiza kancane lapho abaqeqeshwayo abaqashiwe bebona amakhasimende. Ukunakekelwa kungokwangempela futhi izimali zivame ukuba yingcosana yamanani angasese.

Uma izindleko kuwudonga oluqhubeka ushayisana nalo, kusho ngokuzwakalayo lapho ushayela noma ubani. Buza ngqo ngesikali esishintshashintshayo, lapho imali iguquka nemali oyingenisayo. Odokotela bengqondo abaningi bagcina ezinye zalezo zikhala zivuliwe futhi ngeke bazibalule ngaphandle uma ubuza.

Ucingo lokuqala akulona isibophezelo

Odokotela bengqondo abaningi banikeza ukubonisana kwefoni okufushane, ngokuvamile okumahhala, ngaphambi kokuba ubhukhe noma yini. Kuphathe njengenhlolokhono yezindlela ezimbili. Awulingi kubo. Uthola ukuthi bayakufanela yini.

Izinto ezimbalwa ezifanele ukubuza kulolo cingo:

• Ngabe unesipiliyoni salokho engibhekene nakho? (Kusho ngokusobala, kungaba ukwethuka, ukulahlekelwa, isikhathi esinzima emshadweni.)
• Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokwelashwa sinjani kanye nawe?
• Ubiza malini, uyayamukela yini inshuwarensi yami, futhi ingabe kukhona ukuguquguquka kwemali?
• Singaqala maduze kangakanani, futhi singahlangana kangaki?

Qaphela ukuthi uzizwa kanjani ngenkathi bephendula. Ufudumele noma ulukhuni? Uyezwakala noma uyasheshiswa? Uvunyelwe ukuthemba lokho kufunda.

Ukuhambelana kubaluleke kakhulu kunobufakazi bemfundo

Nansi ingxenye emangaza abantu. Amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo aqhubeka efika esiphethweni esisodwa: isibikezelo esisodwa esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuthi ukwelashwa kuyasiza yini akusona uhlobo lokwelashwa noma iziqu ezisefreyimini odongeni. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwakho nomuntu obhekene nawe. I-American Psychological Association ibiza lokhu ngokuthi umfelandawonye wokwelapha, futhi ichaza ukwelashwa ngokwakho njengokubambisana okwakhelwe kuleso sibopho. Ukwelashwa okuhle kuyinto oyenza ndawonye, hhayi into eyenziwa kuwe.

Lokho kusho ukuthini empeleni: udokotela wengqondo ofanelekile ngokuphelele angaba udokotela ongafanele kuwe, futhi lokho akukhona ukwehluleka komuntu. Uma ngemva kwezikhathi ezimbalwa ungezwa umuzwa oyisisekelo wokuphepha, wokuthathwa njengobalulekile, kulungile ngokuphelele ukubheka omunye umuntu. Uvunyelwe ukushintsha. Udokotela wengqondo ofanele ngeke acasuke; abaningi bazokusiza uthole okuhambelana kangcono.

Kodwa qala uzame ngempela. Isikhathi sokuqala sivame ukungakhululeki kuwo wonke umuntu. Ukusho izinto zakho eziyimfihlo ngokuzwakalayo kumuntu ongamazi kuyinqaba ngokwemvelo. Izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ziwuvivinyo olunobulungiswa kunesisodwa.

Ukwelashwa kubukeka kanjani ngempela

Ukuze ungangeni ungazi lutho: isikhathi sokwelashwa sivame ukuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-45 kuya kwengama-50. Ekuqaleni, udokotela wengqondo ubuza imibuzo ukuze aqonde umlando wakho nalokho okuthembayo. Nibeka imigomo ethile ndawonye. Kusukela lapho isimo sincike endleleni, kodwa ukwelashwa okuhle okuningi kufaka ukukhuluma ngezinto, ukufunda amakhono ambalwa aqondile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuwazijwayeza phakathi kwezikhathi zokwelashwa.

Ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside kangakanani kwehluka kakhulu. Abanye abantu beza isikhathi esigxile enkingeni eyodwa bese beqeda ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Abanye bahlala isikhathi eside. Abukho ubude obulungile futhi awukho umklomelo wokuqeda ngokushesha.

Nini ukweqa ukusesha uthole usizo manje

Ukuthola udokotela wengqondo ofanele kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, futhi ukucophelela kuthatha isikhathi esincane. Eminye imizuzu ayinaso leso sikhathi.

Uma ucabanga ngokuzilimaza, uma uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuzigcina uphephile, noma uma konke sekusuke ekusindeni kwaya ekungabekezeleleki, akudingeki ulinde isikhathi sokungeniswa esimasonto ezayo. Ungashayela noma uthumele umyalezo ku-988, iSuicide and Crisis Lifeline, nanoma yiliphi ihora langanoma yiluphi usuku, bese ufinyelela umuntu wangempela oqeqeshelwe khona kanye lokhu. Kumahhala futhi kuyimfihlo. Kukhona nenketho yokuxoxa, uma ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo kuzwakala kukuningi kakhulu.

Lolo hlobo losizo olusheshayo nokwelashwa okuqhubekayo akuzona izinketho ezincintisanayo. Umugqa wezimo eziphuthumayo ungakuzinzisa namuhla ebusuku; udokotela wengqondo ungumsebenzi ohamba kancane, ozinzile wamasonto alandelayo. Ukufinyelela osizo olusheshayo uma uludinga akusho ukuthi usudela olunensayo.

Ukubheka udokotela wengqondo lapho usudinwe kunzima ngempela, futhi uhlelo alukwenzi kube lula. Uma ukwazi isinyathelo esisodwa kuphela namuhla, ucingo olulodwa, ifomu elilodwa, igama elilodwa elibhaliwe, kuyabalwa. Akudingeki uthole umuntu ophelele kuleli sonto. Kufanele nje ugcine umnyango uvuliwe.

Imithombo

• National Institute of Mental Health, Help for Mental Illnesses
• American Psychological Association, Understanding psychotherapy and how it works
• 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, 988lifeline.org