Ukwethembana Njengesikhuthazi Esingcono Kunokwesaba

Kunohlobo lokuthula oluhlala phezu kwethimba elesaba umphathi walo. Abantu baphendula imibuzo ngokucophelela. Amaphutha ahlanzwa asuswe ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani obalulekile awabone. Imihlangano iphela wonke umuntu enqekuzisa ikhanda, bese ingxoxo yangempela yenzeka ephasishi noma engxoxweni yeqembu umphathi angekho kuyo. Uma ubuka usuka ehhovisi lasekhoneni kungabukeka njengokuhleleka. Ngokuvamile kuyinto ephambene.

Ukwesaba kuyasebenza. Yileyo ingxenye engakhululekile. Yencike kukho futhi ngokuvamile uzothola ukuqhuma komzamo, ukufinyelela komnqamulajuqu, inombolo eshintshiwe. Iningi lethu selike laphatha okuthile ngengcindezi okungenani kanye labe selibona kuletha imiphumela. Inkinga akusikho ukuthi ukwesaba akwenzi lutho. Inkinga yilokho okubiza kuwe ngosuku olulandelayo, nangeviki elilandelayo, nalokho okususa etafuleni ngokuthulile unomphela.

Yini ngempela ukwesaba okuyithengayo

Uma abantu besaba, ukunaka kwabo kuncipha kube umsebenzi owodwa: ungabanjwa ohlangothini olungalungile lwakho. Lowo muzwa mdala kunanoma iyiphi indawo yokusebenza, futhi unamandla. Esikweni esesabayo, isinyathelo esiphephile cishe asilokothi sibe esiqotho.

Abacwaningi base-Wharton abafunda lokhu bachaza iphethini okumele lenze noma yimuphi umholi ame acabange. Ukwesaba kungazwakala kukhuthaza esikhathini esifushane ngoba kugcwalisa igumbi ngokuphuthuma. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwenza okuphambene nalokho okufunayo. Kucindezela ukusungula, kuqhuba ukukhathala okukhulu, futhi kukhamela ukubambisana umsebenzi omuhle oncike kukho. Okunye kokutholakele okusolisa kakhulu kumayelana namaphutha. Emasikweni aqhutshwa ukwesaba, abantu abenzi amaphutha amancane. Benza amaningi, ngoba bafihla lawo asebewenzile esikhundleni sokuwaveza kusenesikhathi sokuwalungisa. Inkinga oyidinga kakhulu ukuyizwa yileyo ithimba lakho elesaba kakhulu ukukutshela yona.

Yileso isibalo esifihlekile sokwesaba. Ucabanga ukuthi uthenga ukusebenza. Lokho ovame ukukuthenga ukuthula mayelana nezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Kungani abantu bethula

U-Amy Edmondson e-Harvard uchithe amashumi eminyaka embuzweni ohambisanayo: kungani abantu abahlakaniphile, abanamakhono behlala bethule uma ukukhuluma bekuzosiza ngokusobala? Impendulo yakhe ukuthi ukuhlala uthule kuwukhetho olunengqondo eziqhingasosini eziningi. Ukukhuluma kuphethe ingozi esheshayo, eyomuntu siqu yokubukeka uyisiwula noma yokunyathela umuntu ophezulu. Inzuzo yokukhuluma isabalele futhi ifika kamuva, ngokuvamile komunye umuntu. Ngakho sibeka umkhawulo oyimfihlo wokuthi kunini kufanelekile ukuthatha ingozi, futhi sivula imilomo yethu kuphela uma sicishe siqiniseka ngokwamukelwa okufudumele.

Ukwesaba kuphakamisa lowo mkhawulo. Ukwethembana kuwehlisa.

U-Edmondson uyibiza inguqulo eyehlisiwe ngokuthi ukuphepha ngokwengqondo: umuzwa ohlanganyelwe wokuthi ngeke ujeziswe noma uthotshiswe ngokubuza umbuzo, ngokuvuma ukuthi ulahlekile, noma ngokuveza umbono ongakapheli. Akubona ubuthakathaka, futhi akusona ukungabikho kwamazinga. Kuyisimo esivumela ukwethembeka ukuba kwenzeke nhlobo. Ngaphandle kwako, uphethe ithimba eselinqume ngokuthulile ukuthi awukwazi ukuphatha iqiniso.

Umuzwa wokuhlala uthule uba namandla kakhulu njengoba umuntu ehlala phansi eladeni. Umuntu omusha kunabo bonke ethimbeni, lowo onethuba elikhulu lokuqaphela into wonke umuntu aseyekile ukuyibona, unguye futhi onokuningi angakulahlekelwa ngokukusho. Ngakho ukuqaphela kwabo okuhle akulokothi kukufinyelele. Umholi osebenza ngokwesaba ulahlekelwa yikhona kanye lokho okuphakelayo obekungabasindisa, futhi bakulahlekelwa kuqala.

Yini ukwethembana okukwenzayo esikhundleni salokho

Ukwethembana kubukeka kuhamba kancane ngoba kunjalo. Akukho ukuqhaqhazela kwe-adrenaline, akukho ukuphithizela. Kodwa kushintsha izinto ezifanayo ukwesaba okuzishintshayo, ngendlela ephambene.

Uma abantu bethemba umuntu obaholayo, baletha izinkinga kusenesikhathi esikhundleni sokuzimbela. Bathatha uhlobo lwezingozi ezincane, ezihlakaniphile eziphenduka imikhiqizo engcono. Bayahlala. Ucwaningo oluvela kochwepheshe bezengqondo bezimboni nezinhlangano luhlanganisa ukwethembana endaweni yokusebenza nengcindezi ephansi, ukwaneliseka okuphakeme emsebenzini, ugqozi oluqinile, nengxenye abaholi abayikhathalela kakhulu, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nekhwalithi engcono yomsebenzi. Ucwaningo olufanayo luxhumanisa ukwethembana nezimbili zezishayeli zesintu ezijulile kakhulu esinazo: umuzwa wokuthi unelizwi elithile langempela emsebenzini wakho, nomuzwa wokuthi ukwenza kahle. Nika abantu lezo, bese ugqozi luvame ukuvela ngaphakathi kubo kunento okumele uqhubeke uyifaka kusuka ngaphandle.

Yilowo umehluko wangempela. Ukwesaba kungamandla okumele uqhubeke uwafaka futhi, ngoba ngomzuzu asuka, umzamo obuwuphakamise uyadonseka phansi. Ukwethembana kuyanda. Ngasosonke isikhathi ufakazela ukuthi kuphephile ukutshela iqiniso, abantu bathatha ingozi encane, futhi ithimba liba nokwethembeka okuncane, futhi umsebenzi uba ngcono kancane. Awusasunduzi. Wakha into ezihambela yona.

Indlela yokuhola ngale ndlela ngamabomu

Akukho kulokhu okumayelana nokuba buthakathaka, ukwehlisa umkhawulo, noma ukungalokothi udumazeke. Ungabamba izinga eliphakeme kakhulu kodwa usaba umuntu ophephile ukwehluleka phambi kwakhe. Nakhu indlela lezi zimbili ezihambisana ngayo ekwenzeni.

• Phatha kahle umlethimlayezo, sonke isikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokuqala umuntu ekulethela izindaba ezimbi bese elunyelwa ngazo, usufundise lonke ithimba ukuba liyeke. Bonga abantu ngezexwayiso zakusasa ngisho noma isexwayiso sonakalisa intambama yakho. Ikakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
• Hlukanisa izinga nesongo. Ukuthi 'lokhu kudinga ukuba kuhle kakhulu, futhi ngizokusiza ukufike lapho' kudonsela abantu phambili. Ukuthi 'lokhu kufanele kube kuhle kakhulu' kubenza bacophelele babe bancane. Umkhawulo ofanayo, uphethiloli ohluke ngokuphelele.
• Vuma amaphutha akho ngokuzwakalayo. Umholi othi 'ngenze isinqumo esingalungile' unika bonke abanye imvume yokuba ngabantu abangalungiseka. Abantu balingisa ukungagunci abakubona phezulu.
• Buza imibuzo yangempela bese ulalela ngempela. Ukuthi 'yini engiyiphuthelwayo lapha?' kusebenza kuphela uma umuntu oyiphendulayo ehamba ejabule ukuthi ukhulumile. Ukulandelela kubaluleke kakhulu kunombuzo.
• Nika abantu isikhala sokuphatha umsebenzi wabo. Ucwaningo lokwethembana luhlala lufinyelela ekuzimeleni. Tshela abantu ukuthi okuhle kubukeka kanjani nokuthi kungani kubalulekile, bese ubavumela bathole eyabo indlela eya kukho. Ukwethenjwa ngezinqumo zangempela kungesinye sezikhuthazi eziqine kakhulu ezikhona, futhi kumahhala.
• Ungaguquguquki. Ukwethembana kwakhiwa kancane ngezenzo ezinkulu kunokuba ngumuntu ofanayo ngosuku olubi njengoba ubunjalo ngoluhle. Ukubikezeleka yikho okuvumela abantu ukuba bayeke ukuzilungiselela okubi.

Inguqulo yalokhu ehlalayo

Cabanga ngabaholi ongabalandela futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza. Cishe abekho kubo abasebenza ngokwesaba. Kwakuyilabo abazinzile, abakutshela iqiniso futhi abakwazi ukwamukela nabo iqiniso, abakwethemba ngento yangempela futhi ababejabule ngempela uma uphakama ufike kukho. Wasebenza kanzima ngenxa yabo, futhi kwakungazwakali njengentela.

Ukwesaba kungakuthwala kudlule ekota. Ngeke kuthwale ithimba kudlule iminyaka, ngoba kuchitha into eyodwa leyo minyaka eyakhelwe kuyo. Ukwethembana kuyindlela ehamba kancane, futhi kuphela indlela egcina abantu beqotho, bephapheme, futhi besamile eceleni kwakho uma into elandelayo enzima ifika. Lokho kubiza kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi ukugijima obungakukhipha kubo ngokubethusa.

Imithombo

• Knowledge at Wharton, Does Fear Motivate Workers, or Does It Make Things Worse?
• Harvard Business Review, Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace (interview with Amy Edmondson)
• Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Organizational Trust Leads to Positive Employee and Organizational Outcomes