Ukufundisa Omunye Umuntu Kuyindlela Esheshayo Yokufunda Into Kabili

Umuntu oseminyakeni emibili ngemuva kwakho uyakubuza ukuthi wagcina kanjani ukuba muhle kule nto. Unemizuzu engamashumi amabili ekhululekile nokukhethwa okubili: ukuthumela isixhumanisi, okuyilokho abaningi bekwenza, noma ukuhlala phansi ubahole ngengxenye eyakuthatha unyaka ukuze uyiqonde.

Khetha okwesibili, hhayi ngoba kuwukwenza okunomusa. Kukhethe ngoba lena mizuzu engamashumi amabili iwuhlolo olucijile kunazo zonke lokhono lwakho oyokuthola kule nyanga. Ukuchaza into ngezwi elizwakalayo, ngamazwi acacile, kumuntu ongeke akugcwalisele izikhala zakho ngokuthula, kuthola izindawo lapho ubuzitshela khona amanga ngokushesha kunanoma yiziphi izilinganiso zokuzejwayeza wedwa. Bahamba nendlela emfushane. Wena uhamba nemephu yezikhala zakho, okuyinto ongeke uyithenge futhi ongeke uyakhe wedwa. Kokubili lokhu kuyiqiniso, futhi okwesibili akukwephuci okokuqala.

Ukufundisa Omunye Umuntu Kuyakusiza Ngempela Ukuthi Ufunde?

Yebo, futhi umphumela uqala ngaphambi kokuba uvule umlomo wakho. UJohn Nestojko, uDung Bui, uNate Kornell noElizabeth Bjork benza abantu bafunde isigcawu, abanye belindele ukuhlolwa ngaso, abanye belindele ukusifundisa komunye umfundi, base behlola bonke. Iqembu elalilindele ukufundisa lakhumbula okuningi, lahlela kangcono lokho elalikukhumbula, futhi labambelela kokubili amaphuzu amakhulu ngokuqinile, nakuba kungakaze kwenzeke ukufundisa.

Ukufunda into njengento oyodlulisela komunye umuntu kushintsha indlela oyicubungula ngayo ngesikhathi usafunda. Uqala ukufuna isakhiwo, uhlelo izinto okumele zilandelane ngalo, kanye nokuphikisana umuntu angase akubeke, okungenani okusho ukuthi awukhathazeki ngakho lapho ufundela wena kuphela.

Kwesekunye ukuchaza ngempela kwengeza ingxenye yesibili. UJeffrey Karpicke noJanell Blunt babonisa ku-Science ukuthi ukukhipha ulwazi enkumbulweni kukhiqiza ukufunda okuqinile kunokufundwa okujulile kwento efanayo, futhi le nzuzo yaqhubeka nasemibuzweni enzima edinga ukuba wedlule kulokho okwakushiwo. Ukufundisa kungukukhipha ulwazi ngaphansi komthwalo, ngesikhathi sangempela, kunomuntu obukayo. Yileyo ndlela ngesimo sayo esimatasa kakhulu, futhi ifika igqokiswe njengomusa.

Ngingamfundisa Kanjani Osaqalayo Ikhono Engilaziyo?

Imizuzu engamashumi amabili, inkinga eyodwa abayilethile ngempela, namazwi acacile. Babuze ukuthi bahluleka yini njengamanje, sebenzisa isibonelo sabo hhayi esakho osithandayo, futhi wenqabele wonke amagama ozodinga ukuwachaza.

Umthetho wamazwi acacile yilapho khona inani likhona. Amagama obuchwepheshe uwucindezelo, futhi ucindezelo ufihla izikhala ngokuhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi kudingeka usho ukuthi igama lisho ukuthini komuntu ongakaze alizwe, uthola ukuthi uyayazi yini into ngokwayo noma nje ubizo lwayo. Ungalungiseli isifundo. Isifundo sikuvumela ukuthi ugweme izikhala zakho ezibuthakathaka ngaphandle kokukunanzelela; umbuzo wabo awukwenzi lokho.

Qaphela lapho ubambeka khona. Kuhlale kukhona umusho owodwa lapho uphuza khona, uzenzise, uthi "kuncike nje," bese uqhubeka ngokushesha. Lowo musho isikhala. Uwubhale ngokushesha nje uma bevele bahambe, bese uyofunda kanye lokho, ngoba usanda kunikwa ingxenye yokuzilolonga eqonde ngqo kunazo zonke ekhona kuwe, echazwe umuntu ongazi ngisho ukuthi wenze lokho.

Kukhona ezinye izinto ezimbili ezifanele ukwenziwa. Bakhombise inguqulo eyahluleka, hhayi kuphela leyo esebenzayo, ngoba yilapho khona ukwahluleka ulwazi lwangempela luhlala khona. Futhi uphendule umbuzo abawubuzile kunombuzo othakazelisa kakhulu oseduze naye, okuyindlela evame kakhulu okwenza ngayo abantu abanolwazi bachithe imizuzu engamashumi amabili yosaqalayo.

Umehluko Phakathi Komeluleki Nomxhasi Uyini?

Umeluleki ukhuluma nawe. Umxhasi usho igama lakho egumbini ongekho kulo. Iningi labantu alikaze lichazelwe lo mehluko, futhi ungumehluko phakathi kweseluleko nemiphumela.

UHerminia Ibarra, uNancy Carter noChristine Silva, ebhala ku-Harvard Business Review, bacaphuna owesifazane obesenkampanini yakhe iminyaka eyishumi nambili kungenzeki lutho, othi manje "useyeluleka kuze kufe": iminyaka yokuqeqeshwa, ukuhlelwa komsebenzi kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthuka, kepha kungekho nokukhula, ngoba akekho onesikhundla owake wamkhulumela lapho izinqumo zenziwa khona. Ukweluleka kuwumusa futhi akulona ithuluzi elifanayo.

Ukuxhasa kubiza cishe imisho emithathu kanye nengxenye encane yokwethenjwa kwakho. Egumbini lapho umsebenzi, iphrojekthi noma ithuba kwabelwana khona, sho igama, sho ubufakazi obucacile, futhi sho ukuthi ungabathembisa ini. "Beka uMarcus kulokhu. Wakha kabusha uchungechunge lokubika ngamasonto ayisithupha futhi alukaze luphuke kusukela lapho. Usekulungele okuthile okunekhasimende elihlangene nakho." Yilokho kuphela. Kucacile ngokwanele ukuba kuhlolwe, okuyilokho okukwenza kubaluleke.

Okubuyayo akubona okungacacile. Sebenzisa isikhundla sakho kubantu abaphinde benze kahle bese wakha umlando wokuthi izincomo zakho zifanele ukuthathelwa isinyathelo, okuyisithunzi ongeke usakhe ngokuzikhulumela wena. Yileso sisu esifanayo uIbarra nabangani bakhe abasithola sithuthukisa imisebenzi, sibonwa ngasohlangothini olunye.

Ngempela Ngithini Uma Ngincoma Umuntu Obala?

Sho into eqondile abayenzile, sho ukuthi yashintsha ini, futhi ukusho phambi kwabantu umbono wabo ngabo ubalulekile. "Umsebenzi omuhle" umsindo futhi unyamalala ngokushesha. "Wabamba iphutha lentengo izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba lithunyelwe, futhi bekuzosidla imali yekota" isenzakalo abazokukhumbula ngisho neminyaka emihlanu ngemuva.

Ukuqonda okucacile yiyo yonke indlela, futhi ukwenza obala kuwuphindaphindo. Ucwaningo lweGallup mayelana nokubongwa lwathola ukuthi oyedwa kuphela kwabathathu babasebenzi baseMelika ovuma ngokuqinile ukuthi bathole ukubongwa noma incomo yomsebenzi omuhle ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa ezedlule, nokuthi uma abantu bechaza ukubongwa abakukhumbula kakhulu, imali akuyona impendulo ephezulu. Ukubongwa obala ngento eqondile eyenziwe kahle kuyivelakancane, yilokho abantu abathi bayakukhumbula, futhi kukubiza umusho owodwa.

Kukhona nezinye izinyathelo ezimbili ezincane ezihambisana nalokhu futhi ngasinye sithatha imizuzu embalwa. Yenza ukwaziswa obungakugcina kuwena, ngoba uxhumano oluhlezi kulo lubaluleke kakhulu uma luhamba kunalapho lugcinwe. Futhi uxhase umuntu ongazange acele, egumbini lapho angeke bazi khona ukuthi kwakuwe, okuyinguqulo engenampendulo ehambisanayo neyembula kakhulu ukuthi uba yisiphi isibambimsebenzi.

Kusekuseni Yini Kimi Ukuthi Ngifundise Umuntu?

Cishe akunjalo. Ukuba seminyakeni emibili ngaphambili kuyisikhundla esingcono sokufundisa kunokuba seminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngaphambili, ngoba usakwazi ukukhumbula okwakudida futhi awukakhohlwa ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezinzima ngempela.

Inkinga yesazi ukuthi into yaba sobala kuye, futhi ukuba sobala akusizi lutho kosaqalayo. Usawazi lapho khona iwa. Usakukhumbula isonto lapho wawucishe wayeka kanye nokuthi yini eyakusiza wadlula kukho. Yilokho khona umuntu oseminyakeni eyodwa ngemuva kwakho akudingayo, futhi akekho oseqhubekile kakhulu ongakunikeza kahle njengoba wena ungakwenza njengamanje.

Lokhu futhi kucacisa umbuzo wesikhathi ovimbela iningi labantu. Ukufundisa akusiyo into oyifica uma usufikile. Kungenye yezindlela ozofika ngayo, futhi abantu abakwenzayo besakhuphuka bathola umphumela wokuhlolwa esikhathini emgqeni lapho kubaluleke khona kakhulu.

Inguqulo Yobuqotho Nenguqulo Yenzuzo Yakho Ziyinyathelo Elilodwa

UKaʻohele Carlos, umsunguli we-KEEP CALM, uchaza lokhu njengenye yezinto umsebenzi wakhe wangempela owakhula ngazo. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili wafuna amathuba okuqeqesha, ukufundisa, ukweluleka, ukuphakamisa, ukudumisa nokuxhasa abantu abamzungezile, futhi uthi amandla nokusekelwa okwabuya kuye kwaphindwa kalishumi. Lowo umlando wakhe wangempela wale minyaka engamashumi amabili, hhayi umthetho wemvelo, futhi ubaluleke ngangoba le minyaka yakhe engamashumi amabili ikubalulekele wena.

Okungaqinisekiswa yisu elingasohlangothini lwakho, futhi lesi sisu asisona semizwa. Ukuchaza ngezwi elizwakalayo kuthola izikhala zakho. Ukuzilungiselela ukuchaza kukwenza ufunde kangcono ngaphambi kokuqala. Ukusho igama lomuntu omuhle egumbini kukwakhela isithunzi ongeke usakhe ngokuzikhulumela wena. Ukunikeza inothi eliqondile kuqeqesha iso lakho ngomsebenzi wakho. Ngamunye walokhu uwusu lokuzilolonga oluphetha ngokushiya omunye umuntu esimeni esingcono, okuwuhlobo olulula kakhulu lwesivumelwano esihle esikhona.

Ngakho-ke thatha lena mizuzu engamashumi amabili. Hlala phansi nomuntu obuzile, sebenzisa isibonelo sabo, nqabela amagama obuchwepheshe, futhi unanzelele umusho lapho ubambeka khona. Bese uyofunda lokho. Uzoba ngumenzi ongcono ngoLwesine, bona bazolonda unyaka, futhi akekho kini omunye owadinga ukulinda aze afinyelele impumelelo.

Imithombo

• Memory & Cognition, Expecting to teach enhances learning and organization of knowledge in free recall of text passages
• Science, Retrieval Practice Produces More Learning than Elaborative Studying with Concept Mapping
• Harvard Business Review, Why Men Still Get More Promotions Than Women
• Gallup, The Importance of Employee Recognition: Low Cost, High Impact