Umhlangano uzoqala emizuzwini eyishumi nanye. Abantu abakuwo abakaze bahlangane nawe ubuso nobuso futhi cishe abasoze, ngakho inguqulo yakho abazoke babe nayo yisikwele esiku-laptop nomsindo ocindezelwe kancane. Lowo umzila omncane kunegumbi, futhi uwumzila ongaba ngcono kuwo ngempela.
Iseluleko esiningi ngalokhu simayelana namathuluzi. Thenga isibani, phakamisa ikhamera, hlanza ishalofu ngemuva kwakho. Konke lokho kusiza kancane futhi akukho lapho ukuqiniseka kuvela khona. Ukuqiniseka kwikhamera kwakhiwa yilokho izwi lakho elikwenzayo ekupheleni komusho, ukuthi amehlo akho abheka kuphi emizuzwaneni eyishumi yokuqala, kanye nokuthi ukhululekile kangakanani ukushiya ukuthula. Lokho kumahhala, kusebenza kunoma yiliphi i-laptop, futhi uma usukutholile ungangena emhlanganweni wevidiyo ngendlela obungangena ngayo egumbini, okuwusizo lwangempela eshumini leminyaka lapho imihlangano ebalulekile eminingi iyizikwele.
Kungani uzwakala ungaqinisekile kwikhamera kunalapho ubuso nobuso?
Ngoba lo mzila ususa iningi lobubanzi izwi lakho elivame ukuba nabo, bese abantu behlulela umphumela sengathi nguwe. Igumbi alikwazi ukwehlukanisa umuntu okunzima ukumuzwa nomuntu ongakholisi, ngakho umsindo wakho ngokuthula uba yingxenye yombono wakho.
Kunobufakazi obuqondile balokho. Abacwaningi u-Eryn Newman no-Norbert Schwarz bethula izinkulumo ezifanayo nezingxoxo zomsakazo ezifanayo ngomsindo osezingeni eliphezulu naseliphansi bacela abantu ukuba bahlole kokubili ucwaningo nomcwaningi. Ngokuqukethwe okufana ncamashi, umsindo omubi wenza abalaleli babeka inkulumo njengembi, isikhulumi njengesingahlakaniphile nesingathandeki kangako, kanye nocwaningo uqobo njengolungabalulekile kangako. Umphumela wadlula ekulungeleni kokucubungula: uma into inzima ukuyithatha, abantu bayithemba kancane, futhi ababoni ukuthi bahlola umsindo esikhundleni sokuqukethwe.
Lokho kufanele imizuzu eyishumi yokulungiselela, kanye. Sondeza imakrofoni ngaphezu kwesivalo se-laptop, susa izindawo eziqinile nomsindo wefeni, bese uyeka ukuncintisana negumbi elinanoma yini esebenzayo. I-National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders yenza iphuzu elifanayo ngakolunye uhlangothi: ukuzama ukukhuluma ngaphezu komsindo kungenye yezindlela eziqinisekile zokulimaza izwi. Ukususa umsindo kulula kunokuwuncintisana, futhi kuzwakala kangcono ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Izwi lakho kufanele lenzeni emizuzwaneni eyishumi yokuqala?
Yehlisa amagama akho amathathu okugcina bese wehlisa isivinini ngengxenye eyodwa kwezine. Umusho okhuphukayo ekugcineni ubuza umbuzo, futhi uma umusho wakho wokuqala uzibuza umbuzo ngokwawo, konke okulandelayo kuzokwahlulelwa ngalokho.
Ukwehlisa ekugcineni kungumkhuba omkhulu ongawuthatha uye nawo yonke indawo kulesi sihloko. Yisho igama lakho, isikhundla sakho, nomusho owodwa mayelana nokuthi ukhonani, bese uvumela ngamunye wabo aphele ulingene esikhundleni sokukhuphuka. Ukucindezelwa komsindo kwenza izwi libe yisicaba, ngakho ukwehla okuncane obungakusebenzisa egumbini kudinga ukuba kube okukhulu kancane lapha ukuze kusinde uhambo.
Bese wehlisa isivinini. Hhayi kuze kube ukukhasa, kwanele nje ukuze amagama abe nemiphetho. Emhlanganweni ulwa nengxenye yomzuzwana yokulibaziseka kokudlulisa, futhi isivinini esiphansi sinika izindlebe zabanye ithuba lokufica esikhundleni sokubasebenzisa kanzima. Ukuhamba kancane yikho abantu abakuzwa njengokuqiniseka. Ukushesha yikho abantu abakuzwa njengokwethuka, ngisho noma kuwukushiseka kuphela.
Ubheka i-lensi noma ubheka ubuso?
I-lensi ngomusho wakho wokuqala nowokugcina, ubuso phakathi nendawo. Leyo mizuzu emibili yilapho ukubhekana ngamehlo kwenza khona umsebenzi wakho, futhi ukubamba i-lensi umhlangano wonke yikho okuguqula umuntu abe ngumfundi wezindaba.
Umqondo ongaphansi kwalokho ulula. Ukubheka i-lensi kuwukuphela kwendlela yokubonakala ubheka noma ubani, futhi izindawo ezimbili lapho kubaluleke khona yisiqalo, lapho igumbi linquma ukuthi likwamukela kanjani, nesiphetho, lapho isinqumo sivame ukuhlala khona. Phakathi nendawo udinga ngempela ukubona abantu, ngoba ukufunda ubuso yikho okukwenza wazi ukuthi wehlise isivinini, ujule noma ume.
Beka iwindi elinobuso ngqo ngaphansi kwekhamera ukuze ukushintsha kube kuncane. Futhi uma wabelana ngesikrini sakho, yisho umugqa wokugcina wesigaba ngasinye ku-lensi kunokuwusho kumaslayidi. Amaslayidi akho awadingi ukukholiswa.
Kungani wonke umuntu eqhubeka ekhuluma phezu komunye emihlanganweni?
Ngoba ingxoxo yabantu idlulisela ngengxenye yomzuzwana, futhi noma yikuphi ukulibaziseka emzileni kuwela ngaphakathi kwaleso sikhathi. Ukungqubuzana kuyimvelo yoxhumano, hhayi iphutha ekwahluleleni kwakho noma kwaphi.
Isikhathi siqinile ngaphezu kokuqagela kwabantu abaningi. Isampula yomhlaba wonke yezilimi eziyishumi, eyahlolwa ku-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, yabonisa ukuthi ukushintshana kwabakhulumi kuyafana ngendlela ephawulekayo, lapho isikhala esilinganiselwe solimi ngalunye phakathi kokuqeda kwesikhulumi esisodwa nokuqala kwesilandelayo siwela phakathi kwengxenye yomzuzwana yesilinganiso sazo zonke izilimi. Ukudluliselana ngakunye kucabanga ukuthi bobabili abantu bezwa ukuphela komusho ngasikhathi sinye. Emhlanganweni wevidiyo, abakuzwa.
Ngakho yakha lelo gebe ngamabomu. Qeda, bese ushiya umzuzwana ogcwele wokuthula ngaphambi kokuba ucabange ukuthi awusaphendulwa. Uma nobabili niqala ngasikhathi sinye, ningahlehli nobabili: ukuthi "Qhubeka" bese uthula ngempela kusheshe kunemizuliswano emibili yokuxolisana. Futhi emhlanganweni owuqhubayo, sho ukuthi ufuna ubani olandelayo ngegama, ngoba ukudluliselana okujwayelekile igumbi obelizokwenzela kona yikho kanye lokho umzila okuphulile.
Ukugwema kanjani ukubukeka uqinile ngesikhathi wenza konke lokhu?
Nyakaza ngamabomu esikhundleni sokuma uthe du. Ukuqina kuvela ekumeni ngqi, okwenzeka lapho umuntu ezibheka, ngakho nikeza umzimba wakho ukunyakaza okubili noma okuthathu okuvunyelwe bese uyeka ukuqapha okunye.
Gcina izandla zakho zibonakala futhi uzivumele zisebenze. Izandla ezifihliwe zifundeka njengokufihla, futhi ukunyakaza okuncane obungakwenza etafuleni kusinda ukucindezelwa komsindo kangcono kunokuguquka kobuso. Hlala kude ngokwanele ukuze amahlombe akho abonakale esithombeni. Ubuso obugcwalisa sonke isikrini abunikezi umbukeli lutho angalufunda ngaphandle kwezimbotshana zesikhumba.
Isixazululo esikhulu ukuyeka ukuzibuka. Fihla isithombe sakho uma umhlangano usuqalile. Akekho oke wenza kahle ngesikhathi ehlola njalo izinsiba zamehlo akhe, futhi inguqulo yakho ekhuluma nabantu esikhundleni sokukhuluma nesibuko yiyona ezwakala iqinisekile.
Imizuzwana engamashumi ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuvula imakrofoni
Awudingi umkhuba omude. Udinga ukuphefumula kanye, umusho owodwa nokuhlola kanye.
Khipha umoya wonke ngaphambi kwegama lakho lokuqala, ngoba amaphaphu agcwele aphushela izwi phezulu. Nquma umusho owodwa oze ukuwusho, ukuze uma umhlangano uwela ekubikeni isimo usho usho. Bese uhlola ukuthi ukukhanya kusebusweni bakho nokuthi imakrofoni iseduze kunesivalo. Yilokho konke, kuthatha umzuzu, futhi kuwumehluko phakathi kokuba yisikwele esinqekuzelwa nokuba ngumuntu emhlanganweni ocelwa umbono wakhe. Kwenze ngaphambi kwawo wonke umhlangano obalulekile, ishumi leminyaka elizayo, bese ukunqwabelana kuyazinakekela.
Imithombo
- USC Today, The quality of audio influences whether you believe what you hear
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Universals and cultural variation in turn-taking in conversation
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Taking Care of Your Voice