Kukhona inguqulo yakho abantu abayethemba ngemibuzo emikhulu, futhi akuyona inguqulo eyazi konke. Yileyo ecacile ngemingcele yalokho eyakwaziyo. Lowo muntu uyaphinda abuzwe, anikwe umsebenzi onzima kakhulu, futhi akholwe ngosuku impendulo ebaluleke ngempela ngalo.
Umzuzu owakha lokho mncane futhi ungakhululi neze. Umuntu ophezulu ukubuza into ethile, ngempela awunayo, futhi ukuthula sekunemizuzwana emibili. Lokho okwenzayo emizuzwaneni eyishumi elandelayo kubaluleke ngaphezu kwalokho impendulo ebizoba yikho, ngoba wonke umuntu kulelo tafula usevele uyazi ukuthi akekho ophethe zonke izinombolo ekhanda lakhe. Lokho ikamelo elikuhlolayo akukhona ukuthi unazo yini zonke izinombolo, kungukuthi ngabe ukuzethemba kwakho kuhambisana yini neqiniso. Kuphathe kahle lokhu kabili bese u-yebo wakho uqala ukusho okuthile.
Uthini uma ungayazi impendulo emhlanganweni?
Sho izinto ezintathu, ngalolu hlelo: lokho okwaziyo, lokho ongakwazi, nokuthi uzoba nakho nini okusele. "Anginaso leso sibalo. Ngiyazi ukuthi ukuhamba kwezinto kukhuphuka inyanga nenyanga. Ngizokuthumelela inombolo ngehora lesine."
Uhlelo lwazo yilo iqhinga uqobo. Ukuqala ngalokho okwaziyo kukugcina endaweni yomuntu obelokhu enaka, ngakho igebe lifika njengomngcele wolwazi lwangempela hhayi njengesikhala esingenalutho. Ukusho igebe ngokusobala, ngomushwana owodwa, kuyaliyeka likhule. Futhi isikhathi ekugcineni yikhona okuguqula konke kusuka esikhaleni kube uhlelo, okuyiyo yodwa ingxenye ikamelo elizoyikhumbula ngoLwesihlanu.
Imithetho emibili yenza kusebenze. Yiba nembo ngegebe: "Anginakho ukwahlukaniswa ngezifunda" kunamandla, "Angikho ngokugcwele kukho konke lokho" kuyinkungu emema eminye imibuzo. Futhi wenze usuku lube ngolwangempela. Isikhathi oqiniseka ngaso singcono kunesikhathi esibukeka sihle ongase ungasifezi, ngoba lonke usizo lwaleli su lusekutheni uyasifeza.
Into eyodwa okufanele uyishiye ngaphandle: isizathu sokuthi ungabi nakho. Akekho obuze ukuthi kungani, incazelo izwakala njengokuzivikela noma ngabe ubungasho njalo, futhi ichitha imizuzwana engamashumi amabili obungayisebenzisela ingxenye esizayo. Uma isizathu sibaluleke ngempela, sifanele umlayezo owuthumela ngehora lesine kanye nenombolo.
Ukuvuma ukuthi awazi kukubiza ukwethembeka?
Kakhulu kancane kunalokho cishe wonke umuntu akucabangayo. Iqembu labacwaningi lenza izivivinyo ezinhlanu ngababambiqhaza abangu-5,780, elashicilelwa ku-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ngo-2020, lihlola okwenzekayo lapho ukungaqiniseki kudluliswa kanye nenombolo. Abantu babona ukungaqiniseki okwengeziwe, njengoba kufanele, kodwa ukwethembela enombolweni kwehla kancane nje futhi nokwethembela emthonjeni wayo kwehla kancane nje, ikakhulukazi lapho ukungaqiniseki kuvezwe ngamagama kunokuvezwa ngezinombolo.
Indlela ababhali abaluchaza ngayo yiyo ingxenye esizayo: abadluliseli bemiyalezo bangakhuluma ngokukhululeka ngemingcele yalokho okwaziwayo bengalimazi kakhulu ukuzethemba kwabantu edatheni noma kubona. Lolo cwaningo lwalumayelana nezibalo zomphakathi hhayi imihlangano, ngakho luthathe njengendlela okuqondwa ngayo hhayi isithembiso ngoLwesine lwakho. Kodwa indlela icacile, futhi imelene nomkhuba othi igebe kufanele lifihlwe.
Lowo mkhuba kufanele ubalulwe ngoba uyabiza. Ukuvala igebe ngezichasiso kukuthengela cishe imizuzwana engamashumi amane futhi kukubize umbuzo olandelayo, ngoba manje umuntu kufanele acabange ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zalokho okushilo ezisindayo. Ukungacaci kubukeka kubi kunegebe. Igebe linemiphetho.
Wenzani ngemizuzwana emibili yokuthula kuqala?
Yithathe ngamabomu bese uyakusho: "Ake unginike umzuzwana kulokho." Ukubiza leli khefu kuliguqula lisuke ekubeni ukubambezela libe yisinqumo, futhi kukuthengela isikhathi sokukhetha izingxenye ezintathu ezifanele esikhundleni sento yokuqala efikayo.
Uwudinga lowo musho ngoba imizuzwana emibili mide ngempela. Ucwaningo ngokushintshana ekukhulumeni ezilimini eziyishumi, olwashicilelwa ku-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, lwathola ukuthi izikhala phakathi kwabakhulumi ziyafana ngokumangalisayo emhlabeni wonke futhi zimfushane ngokumangalisayo, isilinganiso solimi ngalunye siseduze kwesilinganiso samazwe onke ngengxenye yesine yomzuzwana. Ingxoxo yakhelwe ukudlulisela ithuba ngengxenyana yomzuzwana. Noma yini engaphezu kwalokho ibonakala njengokuthile, futhi uma ungayiniki igama, ikamelo lizolinika wena.
Ngakho linike igama. "Ake unginike umzuzwana kulokho" yiwo wonke umusho. Bese uvumela lowo mzuzwana wenzeke ngempela. Ungawugcwalisi ngokububula noma ngesingeniso ngokuthi umbuzo muhle kangakanani, kokubili okuchitha ikhefu osanda kulithenga.
Kuthiwani uma uphoqwa ukuthi uqagele?
Nikeza ububanzi bese ubusho ukuthi buyibho. "Isilinganiso esingcono kunazo zonke siphakathi kwamaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili nayishumi nambili, futhi angingeke ngakhe uhlelo ngaso ngize ngihlole" kuyimpendulo, futhi kuyinto ehlukile enombolweni.
Leli bizo alilona ukuhlanza umphimbo, luwukunemba. Uma unikeza inombolo enqunu ngaphansi kwengcindezi izophindwa njengenombolo enqunu, ohlelweni, ngesonto elizayo, ungekho ekamelweni ukuze wengeze isexwayiso. Ukunamathisela ukungaqiniseki enombolweni yiyo indlela ogcina ngayo amandla okwenzeka kuyo ngemuva kokushiya kwayo kuwe.
Kukhona inguqulo yesibili ekufanele uyilungiselele, uma umuntu edinga ngempela isiqondiso hhayi inombolo eqondile. "Ngingahlela ngokuya ohlangothini oluphezulu futhi ngizoqinisekisa ngoLwesine." Lokho kunika umuntu lokho ayekufunela ngempela, okuvamise ukuba yindlela yokuqhubeka, futhi kusaphetha ngosuku.
Lokhu kusebenza kanjani engxoxweni yomsebenzi noma esiteji?
Izingxenye ezintathu ezifanayo, zifushanisiwe, kanye nesinyathelo esisodwa: banike indlela obungacabanga ngayo ukuze uthole impendulo. "Anginayo leyo nombolo yale makethe. Nansi indlela ebengingayithola ngayo, futhi nakhu engakuthola lapho ngenza into efanayo kwenye."
Engxoxweni yomsebenzi akekho okulinganisa ngokukhumbula kwakho. Babuka indlela oziphatha ngayo emngceleni walokho okwaziyo, ngoba yilokho ozobe ukwenza emsebenzini amasonto amaningi. Umuntu othi "Anginakho lokho" bese ecabanga ngokuzwakalayo ngendlela ehlelekile ukhombisa kanye into ethengwayo.
Esiteji ukufushanisa kubaluleke nakakhulu, ngoba izethameli ngeke zihlale zibuke inqubo. "Anginakho lapha. Ngitholeni ngemuva kwalokhu ngizonithumelela kona." Bese uyabathola. Ukugcina isithembiso yikho okusemqoka, futhi kukhunjulwa abantu abaningi kunalabo abezwa umbuzo.
Lokhu kwakhani onyakeni
Ingxenye encane kakhulu yodumo yakhiwa ngezimpendulo obunazo ulungile. Yakhiwa yizikhathi lapho ubucacisa ngokuphelele ukuthi yini obungenayo bese ufika ngesikhathi nokusele.
Ukwanda kwangempela futhi akunabuhle obukhulu. Kwenze lokhu izikhathi eziyishumi bese abantu baqala ukuqondisa imibuzo ebalulekile kuwe, ngoba ukungaqiniseki kwakho kuyafundeka futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuqiniseka kwakho kubalulekile. Leyo ayiyona indlela encane yokusebenza. Yiyo ekuvumela ukuthi wamukele okungaphezu kwalokho ongakuphendula njengamanje, okuyiyona yodwa indlela noma ubani ake wakhula ngayo waya emsebenzini omkhulu, futhi ikuvumela ukuqhubeka wenza lokho iminyaka engamashumi amabili ngaphandle kokukhumbula ukuthi ubuxoxe yiphi inguqulo yendaba.
Imithombo
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, The effects of communicating uncertainty on public trust in facts and numbers
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Universals and cultural variation in turn-taking in conversation