Holoi kāu hoa i nā pā. Kiʻi lākou i nā keiki i nā Pōʻalua. E ʻlākou iā ʻoe, me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e māhele ʻano like ana ʻolua i nā mea. Eia naʻe, ʻo ʻoe ka mea e moe ala ana e hoʻokele ana i ka papa. Na wai e pono i nā kāmaʻa hou. Ahea e pono ai ke kaʻa i ka mālama. Inā loaʻa kahi makana no ka pāʻina o ka Pōʻaono a inā ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe e ʻ.
Loaʻa i kēlā hakahaka kahi inoa. ʻO nā hana āu e ʻike ai, ʻo ia wale ka hapa o ka hana. ʻO ka hapa ʻē aʻe ʻo ka ʻike, ka hoʻolālā, ka hoʻomanaʻo, a me ka hopohopo mālie o ka mālama i kahi home a me kahi ʻohana e holo ana. Kapa ka poʻe noiʻi iā ia he cognitive labor. Kapa wale ka hapa nui iā ia ka ukana noʻonoʻo. Kakaʻikahi ke hōʻma ka papa hana, a kūpono e kamaʻilio, no ka mea ke pā i hoʻokahi kanaka wāwahi ia iā lākou ma kahi ʻano paʻakikī ke kuhikuhi a maʻalahi ke hoʻolei.
He aha maoli ka hana ʻike ʻole ʻia
Ua ninaninau ka mea kālaikanaka ʻo Allison Daminger i nā ʻpālua a ʻike ʻo ka ʻāpana noʻonoʻo o ka mālama i kahi home e māhele i ʻehā neʻe. Wānana ʻoe i kahi pono ma mua o kona lilo i pilikia (ke pau nei nā kāwele). ʻIke ʻoe i nā koho (ʻo nā mea hea, mai hea, i ke kumukūʻai hea). Hoʻoholo ʻoe. A laila mākaʻi ʻoe e hōʻoia ua hana maoli ʻia a ʻaʻole i hāʻule mālie.
He hana hoʻokahi ka holoi pā. Ua pau ka pā ke maʻemaʻe. ʻAʻole pau ka wānana a me ka mākaʻi. Holo lākou ma hope i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, i kēlā me kēia lā, a ʻoi aku ko lākou kaumaha i ka manawa e hoʻāʻo ai ʻoe e hoʻomaha.
Eia ka ʻāpana e kāhāhā ai i ka poʻe. Ua ʻike ʻo Daminger ʻoiai i nā pālua i māhele ʻano maikaʻi i nā hana lima, ua pā ʻelua o ua ʻehā neʻe lā i nā wahine kokoke i kēlā me kēia manawa: ka wānana a me ka mākaʻi. Ua māhele ʻka hoʻoholo pinepine. ʻO ka ʻike a me ka mālama helu, ʻ. No laila hiki i kahi pālua ke māhele i ka hana ʻike ʻma waena a loaʻa nō i hoʻokahi kanaka ke kaumaha holoʻokoʻa o ka mea i hele mua a hope.
No ke aha i luhi loa ai ke kani he liʻiliʻi
Mai waho, kani ka ukana noʻonoʻo he mea ʻole. ʻAʻohe mea e nānā iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo ana e pono ke palapala ʻae i ka Pōʻalima. ʻAʻohe pā sink piha o ka hōʻ. ʻO kēlā ʻike ʻole ka hapa nui o ka pilikia. He paʻakikī ke manaʻo mahalo ʻʻno kahi hana ʻaʻole ʻike kekahi, a paʻakikī ke noi i kōkua no kahi hana hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi.
Hiki ke ana ʻke kumukūʻai. Ua ʻike kahi haʻawina o nā makuahine ʻ300 ma USC ʻo nā wahine i mālama ma kahi o ʻekolu hapahā o ka hana noʻonoʻo o ka home, he hakahaka nui aʻe ma mua o nā hana kino. A ʻo ka ukana noʻonoʻo, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hana lima, ka mea i hahai i ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe aʻe, ka ʻoluʻolu pilina haʻahaʻa aʻe, a me ke kāwele. Wehewehe ka poʻe noiʻi ma Radcliffe Institute o Harvard iā ia he wāwahi i ka "lumi noʻonoʻo" a me ka "laulā," nā kumuwaiwai ʻaʻole hōʻea ke helu wale ʻoe i nā hola i hoʻolilo i ka holoi.
ʻAʻole o kēia e ʻʻhe molowā kāu hoa a i ʻole ʻaʻole mālama. Pinepine ʻaʻole i ʻike maoli ka mea e hali ana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka ukana, no ka mea ʻo ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa o ka ukana noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole ia e ʻike ʻʻia. ʻO ia kekahi ka nūhou maikaʻi. Hiki ke hana i ka mea ʻike ʻole ʻia i mea ʻike ʻʻia. A i ka wā e hiki ai i nā kānaka ʻelua ke ʻike, hiki maoli iā lākou ke kaʻana.
Aia kekahi kumu ʻē e kūkulu mālie ai. Hana pinepine nā home i kahi kanaka maʻamau, ka mea a nā poʻe a pau e huli ai ke kelepona ke kula, ke loaʻa ʻole i ke keiki kona mau kaʻa, ke pono e hoʻoholo i kahi mea i kēia manawa. He hana iā ia iho ke lilo i kanaka maʻamau. Hōʻia ʻaʻole ʻoe ma waho piha o ka hana, no ka mea i kēlā me kēia manawa hiki ke pono e ʻike ʻoe i ka pane. ʻO ke kaʻana like i ka ukana, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka māhele i nā hana. Hōʻia he ʻelua kanaka hiki maoli i ka home ke hilinaʻi.
Ka lawe ʻana iā ia i ka mālamalama
ʻAʻole ʻo ka mea akamai ke hāʻawi i kekahi mau hana hou aʻe. ʻO ia ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka ʻāpana e noho ana i kou poʻo. Koi kēlā i kahi kūkākūkā maoli, ʻaʻole he ʻōlelo wale i waena o kahi ahiahi kaumaha.
- E koho i kahi manawa mālie, ʻaʻole he wahi pilikia. Mai hāpai i kēia i waena o kahi hakakā a i ke kū ʻana ma luna o kahi sink. E ʻōlelo i kekahi mea e like me, "Aia kekahi mea aʻu e hali nei e makemake au e nānā pū kāua." Ke kono nei ʻoe i kahi hoa hui, ʻaʻole he hoʻopiʻi.
- E hana i ka mea ʻike ʻole ʻia i mea ʻike ʻʻia. No hoʻokahi pule, e kākau i nā hana noʻonoʻo i ko lākou puka. Nā ʻāu e hoʻouna ai, nā hālāwai āu e ʻai, ka helu holo o ka mea kokoke pau. Kāhāhā ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka lōʻihi o ka papa, me ka hoa i ʻike ʻole ua noho.
- E hāʻawi i nā hana piha, ʻaʻole i nā ʻanuʻu. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻololi i nā mea. Mai noi i kāu hoa e "kōkua me" ka lole o nā keiki. E hāʻawi iā lākou i ka lole, mai ka hoʻomaka a hope: ka ʻike i ka mea i liʻiliʻi loa, nā nui, ka waihona, ke kauoha, nā mea a pau. Ke hāʻawi wale ʻoe i ka hana a mālama i ka hoʻoholo, ʻo ʻoe mau ka luna, a ʻo ka luna ʻana ka ʻāpana kaumaha.
- E hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano e hana ai lākou. Inā lawe ʻoe i kahi hana piha i ka manawa e hana ʻole ʻai ma kou ʻano, lilo mālie ia i kāu hou. He kumukūʻai o ke kaʻana maoli kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa e hana ai. ʻAʻole pono kā lākou ʻōnaehana e kūlike me kāu e helu ai.
- E kau a nānā hou. E ʻae i ka mea nona maoli kekahi mea, a laila e nānā hou he mau pule ma hope. ʻAʻole e kau kekahi mau hāʻawi i ka hoʻāʻo mua. He maʻamau. Ke kūkulu hou nei ʻoe i kahi ʻano i loaʻa nā makahiki e noho.
Ke ʻo ʻoe ka mea ʻaʻole i hali iā ia
Inā ke heluhelu nei ʻoe i kēia a ʻike iā ʻoe iho he hoa i ʻmāmā i ka ukana, ʻo kēlā ʻike ka manawa huli holoʻokoʻa. Mai pale, a mai kakali e hāʻawi ʻʻia iā ʻoe kahi papa. E koho i kahi ʻāpana a lilo i mea nona piha, me ka ʻāpana e noho ana i kou poʻo. E nīnau, "He aha ka mea aʻu e ʻike ʻole nei?" a laila e nānā maoli. ʻO ka lilo maoli i mea nona ʻoiai he ʻāpana hoʻokahi wale, mai ka hoʻomaka a hope, hoʻihoʻi i kāu hoa i kekahi mea āna e pono nui ai: ka hiki ke hoʻōki piha i ka noʻonoʻo no ia.
Inā hoʻi mau ia
Hiki iā ʻolua ke hoʻoponopono i kekahi o kēia ma kekahi mau kūkākūkā ʻoiaʻiʻo. Noho kekahi ma luna o kekahi mea kahiko a hohonu aʻe, ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻʻʻo kēia ʻo ka "hana wahine" wale, a i ʻole nā ala ʻo ka ulu ʻana o kēlā me kēia. Inā ke hāʻule mau nei ʻolua i ka hakakā hoʻokahi, a i ʻole ke pahee nei kekahi o ʻolua i ka hoʻonāukiuki a kāwele maoli, hiki i kahi loea pālua ke kōkua iā ʻolua e hoʻololi i ke ʻano ma kahi o ka papa hana wale. ʻAʻole kēlā he hōʻe hāʻule ana ka pilina. ʻO ʻelua kanaka e hoʻoholo nei he kūpono ka pilina e mālama.
A inā ua kulou ke kaumaha āu e hali nei i kekahi mea kaumaha aʻe, he makaʻu mau, he luhi hiki ʻole i ka hiamoe ke pā, he palahalaha hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻ, e ʻ, e kamaʻilio me kahi kauka a i ʻole kahi loea olakino noʻonoʻo. ʻO ka ʻʻʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole ia he hemahema ʻano, a ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hali iā ia me ka ikaika wale a hoʻokahi.
ʻAʻole ʻo ka pahuhopu ma ʻaneʻi he papa kaulike loa, i helu ʻʻhana i hana. ʻO ia ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka ʻike e nānā pū ana kekahi i ke alanui me ʻoe, ʻaʻole ʻo ʻoe wale ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo. Māmā aʻe kahi ukana i kaʻana ʻno ke kumu maopopo. Māmā aʻe ia kekahi no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho iā ia ma lalo.
Nā Kumu
- American Sociological Review, The Cognitive Dimension of Household Labor (Allison Daminger)
- USC Dornsife, Moms think more about household chores, and this cognitive burden hurts their mental health
- Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, The Unseen Inequity of Cognitive Labor